diff --git a/internal/core/internal_network.go b/internal/core/internal_network.go
index 0a8d0c55..ee4cc538 100644
--- a/internal/core/internal_network.go
+++ b/internal/core/internal_network.go
@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@ func isInternalAddr(addr netip.Addr) bool {
 		return false
 	}
 
+	// Unmap IPv4-in-IPv6 (e.g. ::ffff:10.0.0.1) so all subsequent checks
+	// work uniformly. Without this, Is4() returns false for mapped addresses
+	// and the CGNAT prefix check would be skipped.
+	addr = addr.Unmap()
+
 	if addr.IsPrivate() ||
 		addr.IsLoopback() ||
 		addr.IsLinkLocalUnicast() ||
@@ -102,56 +107,67 @@ func isInternalAddr(addr netip.Addr) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func (s *Server) validateToolEndpoint(ctx context.Context, endpoint *url.URL) error {
-	// Skip validation if internal network access check is disabled
+// validateToolEndpoint checks whether the endpoint is allowed by the
+// internal-network policy. It returns the first resolved IP address (if DNS
+// resolution was performed) so the caller can pin the connection and prevent
+// DNS-rebinding attacks. When the host is already an IP literal or validation
+// is disabled, resolvedIP will be empty.
+func (s *Server) validateToolEndpoint(ctx context.Context, endpoint *url.URL) (resolvedIP string, err error) {
 	if !s.internalNetEnabled {
-		return nil
+		return "", nil
 	}
 
 	if endpoint == nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("tool endpoint is empty")
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("tool endpoint is empty")
 	}
 
 	host := endpoint.Hostname()
 	if host == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("tool endpoint host is empty")
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("tool endpoint host is empty")
 	}
 
 	if s.internalNetACL.allowsHost(host) {
-		return nil
+		return "", nil
 	}
 
 	if addr, err := netip.ParseAddr(host); err == nil {
 		if isInternalAddr(addr) && !s.internalNetACL.allowsAddr(addr) {
-			return fmt.Errorf("internal network access is disabled for tool endpoints")
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("internal network access is disabled for tool endpoints")
 		}
-		return nil
+		// Host is an IP literal; no DNS involved, no rebinding risk.
+		return "", nil
 	}
 
 	lookupCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 2*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 	addrs, err := net.DefaultResolver.LookupIPAddr(lookupCtx, host)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve tool endpoint host for internal access check: %w", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve tool endpoint host for internal access check: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	internalFound := false
+	var firstAddr string
 	for _, addr := range addrs {
 		ip, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(addr.IP)
 		if !ok {
 			continue
 		}
+		ip = ip.Unmap()
+		if firstAddr == "" {
+			firstAddr = ip.String()
+		}
 		if isInternalAddr(ip) {
 			internalFound = true
 			if s.internalNetACL.allowsAddr(ip) {
-				return nil
+				return firstAddr, nil
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	if internalFound {
-		return fmt.Errorf("internal network access is disabled for tool endpoints")
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("internal network access is disabled for tool endpoints")
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	// Return the resolved IP so the transport can pin the connection.
+	return firstAddr, nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/core/internal_network_test.go b/internal/core/internal_network_test.go
index 40e84e2c..38811fa8 100644
--- a/internal/core/internal_network_test.go
+++ b/internal/core/internal_network_test.go
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@ package core
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/netip"
 	"net/url"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -12,7 +16,8 @@ func TestValidateToolEndpoint_InternalBlocked(t *testing.T) {
 	s := &Server{internalNetEnabled: true}
 	u, err := url.Parse("http://127.0.0.1:8080")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Error(t, s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u))
+	_, verr := s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u)
+	assert.Error(t, verr)
 }
 
 func TestValidateToolEndpoint_InternalAllowlistedCIDR(t *testing.T) {
@@ -22,7 +27,8 @@ func TestValidateToolEndpoint_InternalAllowlistedCIDR(t *testing.T) {
 	s := &Server{internalNetEnabled: true, internalNetACL: allowlist}
 	u, err := url.Parse("http://127.0.0.1:8080")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u))
+	_, verr := s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u)
+	assert.NoError(t, verr)
 }
 
 func TestValidateToolEndpoint_InternalAllowlistedHost(t *testing.T) {
@@ -32,14 +38,16 @@ func TestValidateToolEndpoint_InternalAllowlistedHost(t *testing.T) {
 	s := &Server{internalNetEnabled: true, internalNetACL: allowlist}
 	u, err := url.Parse("http://internal.local/health")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u))
+	_, verr := s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u)
+	assert.NoError(t, verr)
 }
 
 func TestValidateToolEndpoint_PublicIPAllowed(t *testing.T) {
 	s := &Server{internalNetEnabled: true}
 	u, err := url.Parse("http://8.8.8.8")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.NoError(t, s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u))
+	_, verr := s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u)
+	assert.NoError(t, verr)
 }
 
 func TestValidateToolEndpoint_Disabled(t *testing.T) {
@@ -47,5 +55,116 @@ func TestValidateToolEndpoint_Disabled(t *testing.T) {
 	u, err := url.Parse("http://127.0.0.1:8080")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	// When disabled, internal addresses should be allowed
-	assert.NoError(t, s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u))
+	_, verr := s.validateToolEndpoint(context.Background(), u)
+	assert.NoError(t, verr)
+}
+
+func TestIsInternalAddr_IPv4MappedIPv6(t *testing.T) {
+	// ::ffff:127.0.0.1 should be detected as loopback
+	mapped := netip.AddrFrom16([16]byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xff, 0xff, 127, 0, 0, 1})
+	assert.True(t, isInternalAddr(mapped), "IPv4-mapped loopback should be internal")
+
+	// ::ffff:10.0.0.1 should be detected as private
+	mappedPrivate := netip.AddrFrom16([16]byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xff, 0xff, 10, 0, 0, 1})
+	assert.True(t, isInternalAddr(mappedPrivate), "IPv4-mapped RFC1918 should be internal")
+
+	// ::ffff:100.64.0.1 (CGNAT) should be detected as internal
+	mappedCGNAT := netip.AddrFrom16([16]byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xff, 0xff, 100, 64, 0, 1})
+	assert.True(t, isInternalAddr(mappedCGNAT), "IPv4-mapped CGNAT should be internal")
+
+	// ::ffff:8.8.8.8 should NOT be internal
+	mappedPublic := netip.AddrFrom16([16]byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xff, 0xff, 8, 8, 8, 8})
+	assert.False(t, isInternalAddr(mappedPublic), "IPv4-mapped public IP should not be internal")
+}
+
+func TestCreateHTTPClient_RedirectToInternalBlocked(t *testing.T) {
+	// Simulate a public server that redirects to an internal address
+	redirectTarget := "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/"
+	publicServer := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		http.Redirect(w, r, redirectTarget, http.StatusFound)
+	}))
+	defer publicServer.Close()
+
+	s := &Server{internalNetEnabled: true}
+	cli, err := s.createHTTPClient(nil, "")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", publicServer.URL, nil)
+	_, err = cli.Do(req)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "redirect")
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "blocked")
+}
+
+func TestCreateHTTPClient_RedirectToInternalAllowlisted(t *testing.T) {
+	// Internal target server
+	internalServer := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		fmt.Fprint(w, "ok")
+	}))
+	defer internalServer.Close()
+
+	// Public server that redirects to the internal target
+	publicServer := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		http.Redirect(w, r, internalServer.URL+"/data", http.StatusFound)
+	}))
+	defer publicServer.Close()
+
+	allowlist, _ := parseInternalNetworkAllowlist([]string{"127.0.0.0/8"})
+	s := &Server{internalNetEnabled: true, internalNetACL: allowlist}
+	cli, err := s.createHTTPClient(nil, "")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", publicServer.URL, nil)
+	resp, err := cli.Do(req)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+	resp.Body.Close()
+}
+
+func TestCreateHTTPClient_ChainedRedirectBlocked(t *testing.T) {
+	// Simulates a multi-hop redirect: public -> public -> internal
+	internalTarget := "http://10.0.0.1/admin"
+
+	hop2 := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		http.Redirect(w, r, internalTarget, http.StatusFound)
+	}))
+	defer hop2.Close()
+
+	hop1 := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		http.Redirect(w, r, hop2.URL, http.StatusFound)
+	}))
+	defer hop1.Close()
+
+	s := &Server{internalNetEnabled: true}
+	cli, err := s.createHTTPClient(nil, "")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", hop1.URL, nil)
+	_, err = cli.Do(req)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "blocked")
+}
+
+func TestCreateHTTPClient_PinnedAddr(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify that when a pinnedAddr is provided, the client connects to it
+	target := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		fmt.Fprint(w, "pinned")
+	}))
+	defer target.Close()
+
+	// Extract host:port from the test server to use as pinnedAddr
+	u, _ := url.Parse(target.URL)
+
+	s := &Server{}
+	cli, err := s.createHTTPClient(nil, u.Hostname())
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Request a URL with the same port but "127.0.0.1" host;
+	// the pinned addr should override the hostname resolution.
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", target.URL, nil)
+	resp, err := cli.Do(req)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, resp.StatusCode)
+	resp.Body.Close()
 }
diff --git a/internal/core/tool.go b/internal/core/tool.go
index 018a422a..8a4bb80b 100644
--- a/internal/core/tool.go
+++ b/internal/core/tool.go
@@ -272,10 +272,16 @@ func fillDefaultArgs(tool *config.ToolConfig, args map[string]any) {
 	}
 }
 
-// createHTTPClient creates an HTTP client with proxy support if configured
-func createHTTPClient(tool *config.ToolConfig) (*http.Client, error) {
+// createHTTPClient creates an HTTP client with proxy support if configured.
+// It installs a CheckRedirect hook that re-validates every redirect target
+// against the internal-network allowlist (preventing 302-based SSRF), and
+// pins the initial connection to pinnedAddr (when non-empty) to prevent
+// DNS-rebinding attacks.
+func (s *Server) createHTTPClient(tool *config.ToolConfig, pinnedAddr string) (*http.Client, error) {
+	var baseTransport *http.Transport
+
 	if tool != nil && tool.Proxy != nil {
-		transport := &http.Transport{}
+		baseTransport = &http.Transport{}
 
 		switch tool.Proxy.Type {
 		case "http", "https":
@@ -284,22 +290,47 @@ func createHTTPClient(tool *config.ToolConfig) (*http.Client, error) {
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid %s proxy configuration: %w", tool.Proxy.Type, err)
 			}
-			transport.Proxy = http.ProxyURL(proxyURL)
+			baseTransport.Proxy = http.ProxyURL(proxyURL)
 
 		case "socks5":
 			dialer, err := proxy.SOCKS5("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", tool.Proxy.Host, tool.Proxy.Port), nil, proxy.Direct)
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create SOCKS5 dialer: %w", err)
 			}
-			transport.DialContext = func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			baseTransport.DialContext = func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
 				return dialer.Dial(network, addr)
 			}
 		}
+	} else {
+		baseTransport = http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport).Clone()
+	}
 
-		return &http.Client{Transport: otelhttp.NewTransport(transport)}, nil
+	// Pin DNS: when validateToolEndpoint resolved a hostname to an IP, we
+	// force the transport to connect to that IP instead of re-resolving.
+	// This closes the DNS-rebinding TOCTOU window.
+	if pinnedAddr != "" && baseTransport.DialContext == nil {
+		stdDialer := &net.Dialer{}
+		baseTransport.DialContext = func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			_, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return stdDialer.DialContext(ctx, network, net.JoinHostPort(pinnedAddr, port))
+		}
 	}
 
-	return &http.Client{Transport: otelhttp.NewTransport(http.DefaultTransport)}, nil
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport: otelhttp.NewTransport(baseTransport),
+		CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
+			if len(via) >= 10 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("stopped after 10 redirects")
+			}
+			if _, err := s.validateToolEndpoint(req.Context(), req.URL); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("redirect to %s blocked: %w", req.URL.Redacted(), err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		},
+	}, nil
 }
 
 // executeHTTPTool executes a tool with the given arguments
@@ -355,7 +386,8 @@ func (s *Server) executeHTTPTool(c *gin.Context, conn session.Connection, tool *
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	if err := s.validateToolEndpoint(ctx, req.URL); err != nil {
+	pinnedAddr, err := s.validateToolEndpoint(ctx, req.URL)
+	if err != nil {
 		logger.Warn("blocked tool endpoint",
 			zap.String("tool", tool.Name),
 			zap.String("session_id", conn.Meta().ID),
@@ -403,7 +435,7 @@ func (s *Server) executeHTTPTool(c *gin.Context, conn session.Connection, tool *
 	processArguments(req, tool, args)
 
 	// Execute request
-	cli, err := createHTTPClient(tool)
+	cli, err := s.createHTTPClient(tool, pinnedAddr)
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Error("failed to create HTTP client",
 			zap.String("tool", tool.Name),
diff --git a/internal/core/tool_test.go b/internal/core/tool_test.go
index bb197241..fccb412e 100644
--- a/internal/core/tool_test.go
+++ b/internal/core/tool_test.go
@@ -81,23 +81,25 @@ func TestFillDefaultArgs(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestCreateHTTPClient(t *testing.T) {
+	s := &Server{}
+
 	// default client when no proxy
-	cli, err := createHTTPClient(nil)
+	cli, err := s.createHTTPClient(nil, "")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NotNil(t, cli)
 
 	// http proxy
-	cli2, err := createHTTPClient(&config.ToolConfig{Proxy: &config.ProxyConfig{Type: "http", Host: "127.0.0.1", Port: 8080}})
+	cli2, err := s.createHTTPClient(&config.ToolConfig{Proxy: &config.ProxyConfig{Type: "http", Host: "127.0.0.1", Port: 8080}}, "")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NotNil(t, cli2)
 
 	// socks5 proxy
-	cli3, err := createHTTPClient(&config.ToolConfig{Proxy: &config.ProxyConfig{Type: "socks5", Host: "127.0.0.1", Port: 1080}})
+	cli3, err := s.createHTTPClient(&config.ToolConfig{Proxy: &config.ProxyConfig{Type: "socks5", Host: "127.0.0.1", Port: 1080}}, "")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NotNil(t, cli3)
 
 	// invalid proxy
-	_, err = createHTTPClient(&config.ToolConfig{Proxy: &config.ProxyConfig{Type: "https", Host: "invalid host with space", Port: 1}})
+	_, err = s.createHTTPClient(&config.ToolConfig{Proxy: &config.ProxyConfig{Type: "https", Host: "invalid host with space", Port: 1}}, "")
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 }