Maybe go to Odroid-C2 or other embedded computer having adc's

[MarvinBaral]

ODROID-C2:
https://archlinuxarm.org/platforms/armv8/amlogic/odroid-c2
http://www.pollin.de/shop/dt/ODA1OTgxOTk-/Bauelemente_Bauteile/Entwicklerboards/Odroid/ODROID_C2_Einplatinen_Computer_2_GHz_QuadCore_2_GB_RAM_4x_USB.html

[MarvinBaral]

ODROID-C2 has 2 ADC's, Gbit-Ethernet, 2GB RAM and a low power consumtion for ~45€

[MarvinBaral]

ADC's on pc only needed if Arduino is left out. Ref #10

[MarvinBaral]

Odroid has Dallas One Wire Protocoll - Kernel module too: http://odroid.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=en:c1_hardware_1w