diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a4d1c5c86..57131ca71 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 ### Fixed
 * Improved error handling in SkeletonProcessingService to throw a meaningful IllegalArgumentException
   when a payload node cannot be matched to a skeleton document ID, replacing an uninformative NullPointerException.
+* Fixed `canMergeCompleteBundle` incorrectly returning `true` when attachment logs are empty, causing a blank patient record after large message GP2GP transfers.
 
 ## [3.1.3] - 2025-09-19
 
diff --git a/gp2gp-translator/src/main/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingService.java b/gp2gp-translator/src/main/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingService.java
index c7c4fefd7..71489a55f 100644
--- a/gp2gp-translator/src/main/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingService.java
+++ b/gp2gp-translator/src/main/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingService.java
@@ -61,6 +61,11 @@ public boolean canMergeCompleteBundle(String conversationId) throws ValidationEx
         }
 
         var undeletedLogs = getUndeletedLogsForConversation(conversationId);
+
+        if (undeletedLogs.isEmpty()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
         return undeletedLogs.stream().allMatch(log -> log.getUploaded().equals(true));
     }
 
diff --git a/gp2gp-translator/src/test/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingServiceTests.java b/gp2gp-translator/src/test/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingServiceTests.java
index 10ed29515..40bcf7b13 100644
--- a/gp2gp-translator/src/test/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingServiceTests.java
+++ b/gp2gp-translator/src/test/java/uk/nhs/adaptors/pss/translator/service/InboundMessageMergingServiceTests.java
@@ -468,6 +468,16 @@ public void When_AttachmentsPresent_Expect_AttachmentReferenceUpdated()
         verify(nackAckPreparationService, never()).sendNackMessage(any(NACKReason.class), any(RCMRIN030000UKMessage.class), any());
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void When_AllAttachmentLogsDeleted_CanMergeCompleteBundle_Expect_ReturnFalse() throws JAXBException {
+        var emptyAttachmentLogs = new ArrayList<PatientAttachmentLog>();
+
+        when(patientAttachmentLogService.findAttachmentLogs(CONVERSATION_ID)).thenReturn(emptyAttachmentLogs);
+        var result = inboundMessageMergingService.canMergeCompleteBundle(CONVERSATION_ID);
+
+        assertFalse(result);
+    }
+
 
     private ArrayList<PatientAttachmentLog> createPatientAttachmentList(Boolean isParentUploaded, Boolean isSkeleton) {
         var patientAttachmentLogs = new ArrayList<PatientAttachmentLog>();