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<p>[cite_start]</p><div style="margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 5px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="background: #f5f5f5; padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;"><h4 style="margin: 0; font-size: 13pt; text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0000ff; font-weight: bold;">Question 49</span></h4></div><div style="padding: 15px; background: #fff; line-height: 1.55; font-family: Georgia, Palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;"><div style="margin: 8px 0;">In a paper chromatography experiment, a sample of a pigment is separated into two components, X and Y, as shown in the figure above. [cite: 99, 100] [cite_start]The surface of the paper is moderately polar. [cite: 101] What can be concluded about X and Y based on the experimental results?</div><div style="margin: 10px 0; text-align: center;">At t=30 min, the solvent (Hexane) has moved up, separating the pigment into Component Y (lower) and Component X (higher).]</div><div style="margin: 8px 0; padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">(A) X has a larger molar mass than Y does. [cite: 102][cite_start]<br />(B) Y has a larger molar mass than X does. [cite: 103][cite_start]<br />(C) X is more polar than Y. [cite: 104][cite_start]<br />(D) Y is more polar than X. [cite: 105]</div></div></div><div style="margin-top: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd; border-radius: 5px; padding: 10px; background: #fff;"><details><summary style="color: #ff00ff; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; font-family: Georgia, Palatino, serif; font-size: 13pt;">▶️ Answer/Explanation</summary><div style="margin-top: 12px; padding: 10px; background: #f9f9f9; border-left: 3px solid #ccc; font-family: Georgia, Palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.65;"><div style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.1em;">Detailed solution</div><p><b>1. Identify Phases:</b><br />* [cite_start]<b>Stationary Phase:</b> The filter paper, which is "moderately polar". [cite: 101]<br />* [cite_start]<b>Mobile Phase:</b> The solvent, Hexane (\(C_6H_{14}\)), which is <b>nonpolar</b>. [cite: 97]<br /><b>2. Principle of Chromatography:</b> Separation occurs based on "like dissolves like."</p><ul><li>Nonpolar components have a stronger affinity for the nonpolar mobile phase (Hexane) and will travel farther up the paper.</li><li>Polar components have a stronger affinity for the polar stationary phase (paper) and will "stick" to it, traveling a shorter distance.</li></ul><p><b>3. Analyze Results:</b><br />* [cite_start]<b>Component X</b> traveled farther up the paper. [cite: 95] This means it is more nonpolar (more like Hexane).<br />* [cite_start]<b>Component Y</b> traveled a shorter distance. [cite: 96] This means it is more polar (more like the paper).<br /><b>4. [cite_start]Conclusion:</b> Component Y is more polar than component X. [cite: 105]<br />✅ <strong>Answer: (D)</strong></p></div></details></div>