diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 132d6bcbb6..81fef261df 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -2,19 +2,6 @@
 # It is not intended for manual editing.
 version = 4
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ahash"
-version = "0.8.11"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e89da841a80418a9b391ebaea17f5c112ffaaa96f621d2c285b5174da76b9011"
-dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
- "getrandom 0.2.15",
- "once_cell",
- "version_check",
- "zerocopy 0.7.34",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "aho-corasick"
 version = "1.1.3"
@@ -631,7 +618,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "page_size",
  "pkg-config",
  "smallvec",
- "zerocopy 0.8.27",
+ "zerocopy",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -790,7 +777,7 @@ checksum = "6ea2d84b969582b4b1864a92dc5d27cd2b77b622a8d79306834f1be5ba20d84b"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "crunchy",
- "zerocopy 0.8.27",
+ "zerocopy",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1072,7 +1059,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "nomt"
 version = "1.0.3"
 dependencies = [
- "ahash",
  "anyhow",
  "bitvec",
  "blake3",
@@ -1114,7 +1100,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "blake3",
  "borsh",
  "digest",
- "hex",
  "nomt-test-utils",
  "quickcheck",
  "ruint",
@@ -2292,7 +2277,6 @@ name = "witness_verification"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
- "blake3",
  "commit-batch",
  "nomt-core",
 ]
@@ -2306,33 +2290,13 @@ dependencies = [
  "tap",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "zerocopy"
-version = "0.7.34"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ae87e3fcd617500e5d106f0380cf7b77f3c6092aae37191433159dda23cfb087"
-dependencies = [
- "zerocopy-derive 0.7.34",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "zerocopy"
 version = "0.8.27"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0894878a5fa3edfd6da3f88c4805f4c8558e2b996227a3d864f47fe11e38282c"
 dependencies = [
- "zerocopy-derive 0.8.27",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "zerocopy-derive"
-version = "0.7.34"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "15e934569e47891f7d9411f1a451d947a60e000ab3bd24fbb970f000387d1b3b"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn",
+ "zerocopy-derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/benchtop/Cargo.lock b/benchtop/Cargo.lock
index c2063b4224..9d192d4db2 100644
--- a/benchtop/Cargo.lock
+++ b/benchtop/Cargo.lock
@@ -85,16 +85,6 @@ version = "0.2.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "5c6cb57a04249c6480766f7f7cef5467412af1490f8d1e243141daddada3264f"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "alloy-rlp"
-version = "0.3.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8d58d9f5da7b40e9bfff0b7e7816700be4019db97d4b6359fe7f94a9e22e42ac"
-dependencies = [
- "arrayvec",
- "bytes",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "android-tzdata"
 version = "0.1.1"
@@ -180,8 +170,8 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "fb00293ba84f51ce3bd026bd0de55899c4e68f0a39a5728cebae3a73ffdc0a4f"
 dependencies = [
  "ark-ec",
- "ark-ff 0.4.2",
- "ark-std 0.4.0",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -191,9 +181,9 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c775f0d12169cba7aae4caeb547bb6a50781c7449a8aa53793827c9ec4abf488"
 dependencies = [
  "ark-ec",
- "ark-ff 0.4.2",
- "ark-serialize 0.4.2",
- "ark-std 0.4.0",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -202,10 +192,10 @@ version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "defd9a439d56ac24968cca0571f598a61bc8c55f71d50a89cda591cb750670ba"
 dependencies = [
- "ark-ff 0.4.2",
+ "ark-ff",
  "ark-poly",
- "ark-serialize 0.4.2",
- "ark-std 0.4.0",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
  "derivative",
  "hashbrown 0.13.2",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
@@ -213,74 +203,26 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-ff"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6b3235cc41ee7a12aaaf2c575a2ad7b46713a8a50bda2fc3b003a04845c05dd6"
-dependencies = [
- "ark-ff-asm 0.3.0",
- "ark-ff-macros 0.3.0",
- "ark-serialize 0.3.0",
- "ark-std 0.3.0",
- "derivative",
- "num-bigint",
- "num-traits",
- "paste",
- "rustc_version 0.3.3",
- "zeroize",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ark-ff"
 version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ec847af850f44ad29048935519032c33da8aa03340876d351dfab5660d2966ba"
 dependencies = [
- "ark-ff-asm 0.4.2",
- "ark-ff-macros 0.4.2",
- "ark-serialize 0.4.2",
- "ark-std 0.4.0",
+ "ark-ff-asm",
+ "ark-ff-macros",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
  "derivative",
  "digest 0.10.7",
  "itertools 0.10.5",
  "num-bigint",
  "num-traits",
  "paste",
- "rustc_version 0.4.0",
- "zeroize",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-ff"
-version = "0.5.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a177aba0ed1e0fbb62aa9f6d0502e9b46dad8c2eab04c14258a1212d2557ea70"
-dependencies = [
- "ark-ff-asm 0.5.0",
- "ark-ff-macros 0.5.0",
- "ark-serialize 0.5.0",
- "ark-std 0.5.0",
- "arrayvec",
- "digest 0.10.7",
- "educe",
- "itertools 0.13.0",
- "num-bigint",
- "num-traits",
- "paste",
+ "rustc_version",
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-ff-asm"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "db02d390bf6643fb404d3d22d31aee1c4bc4459600aef9113833d17e786c6e44"
-dependencies = [
- "quote",
- "syn 1.0.109",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ark-ff-asm"
 version = "0.4.2"
@@ -291,28 +233,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-ff-asm"
-version = "0.5.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "62945a2f7e6de02a31fe400aa489f0e0f5b2502e69f95f853adb82a96c7a6b60"
-dependencies = [
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.117",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-ff-macros"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "db2fd794a08ccb318058009eefdf15bcaaaaf6f8161eb3345f907222bac38b20"
-dependencies = [
- "num-bigint",
- "num-traits",
- "quote",
- "syn 1.0.109",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ark-ff-macros"
 version = "0.4.2"
@@ -326,42 +246,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-ff-macros"
-version = "0.5.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "09be120733ee33f7693ceaa202ca41accd5653b779563608f1234f78ae07c4b3"
-dependencies = [
- "num-bigint",
- "num-traits",
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.117",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ark-poly"
 version = "0.4.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d320bfc44ee185d899ccbadfa8bc31aab923ce1558716e1997a1e74057fe86bf"
 dependencies = [
- "ark-ff 0.4.2",
- "ark-serialize 0.4.2",
- "ark-std 0.4.0",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
  "derivative",
  "hashbrown 0.13.2",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-serialize"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1d6c2b318ee6e10f8c2853e73a83adc0ccb88995aa978d8a3408d492ab2ee671"
-dependencies = [
- "ark-std 0.3.0",
- "digest 0.9.0",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ark-serialize"
 version = "0.4.2"
@@ -369,19 +266,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "adb7b85a02b83d2f22f89bd5cac66c9c89474240cb6207cb1efc16d098e822a5"
 dependencies = [
  "ark-serialize-derive",
- "ark-std 0.4.0",
- "digest 0.10.7",
- "num-bigint",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-serialize"
-version = "0.5.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3f4d068aaf107ebcd7dfb52bc748f8030e0fc930ac8e360146ca54c1203088f7"
-dependencies = [
- "ark-std 0.5.0",
- "arrayvec",
+ "ark-std",
  "digest 0.10.7",
  "num-bigint",
 ]
@@ -397,16 +282,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-std"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1df2c09229cbc5a028b1d70e00fdb2acee28b1055dfb5ca73eea49c5a25c4e7c"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ark-std"
 version = "0.4.0"
@@ -417,16 +292,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "rand 0.8.5",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ark-std"
-version = "0.5.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "246a225cc6131e9ee4f24619af0f19d67761fff15d7ccc22e42b80846e69449a"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "array-bytes"
 version = "6.2.2"
@@ -456,17 +321,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.117",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "auto_impl"
-version = "1.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3c87f3f15e7794432337fc718554eaa4dc8f04c9677a950ffe366f20a162ae42"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.117",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "autocfg"
 version = "1.2.0"
@@ -543,12 +397,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "kvdb",
  "kvdb-rocksdb",
  "libc",
- "lru 0.12.5",
+ "lru",
  "nomt",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.10.1",
  "rand_distr",
  "rayon",
- "ruint",
  "serde",
  "sha2 0.10.8",
  "sov-db",
@@ -557,7 +410,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "sp-core 31.0.0",
  "sp-state-machine",
  "sp-trie 32.0.0",
- "toml 0.8.12",
  "trie-db",
 ]
 
@@ -1165,7 +1017,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "digest 0.10.7",
  "fiat-crypto",
  "platforms",
- "rustc_version 0.4.0",
+ "rustc_version",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
 ]
@@ -1224,7 +1076,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "convert_case",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "rustc_version 0.4.0",
+ "rustc_version",
  "syn 1.0.109",
 ]
 
@@ -1305,18 +1157,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "educe"
-version = "0.6.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1d7bc049e1bd8cdeb31b68bbd586a9464ecf9f3944af3958a7a9d0f8b9799417"
-dependencies = [
- "enum-ordinalize",
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.117",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
 version = "1.11.0"
@@ -1343,26 +1183,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "enum-ordinalize"
-version = "4.3.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4a1091a7bb1f8f2c4b28f1fe2cef4980ca2d410a3d727d67ecc3178c9b0800f0"
-dependencies = [
- "enum-ordinalize-derive",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "enum-ordinalize-derive"
-version = "4.3.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "8ca9601fb2d62598ee17836250842873a413586e5d7ed88b356e38ddbb0ec631"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.117",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "environmental"
 version = "1.1.4"
@@ -1411,28 +1231,6 @@ version = "2.0.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "658bd65b1cf4c852a3cc96f18a8ce7b5640f6b703f905c7d74532294c2a63984"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "fastrlp"
-version = "0.3.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "139834ddba373bbdd213dffe02c8d110508dcf1726c2be27e8d1f7d7e1856418"
-dependencies = [
- "arrayvec",
- "auto_impl",
- "bytes",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "fastrlp"
-version = "0.4.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ce8dba4714ef14b8274c371879b175aa55b16b30f269663f19d576f380018dc4"
-dependencies = [
- "arrayvec",
- "auto_impl",
- "bytes",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ff"
 version = "0.13.0"
@@ -1763,8 +1561,6 @@ version = "0.15.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9229cfe53dfd69f0609a49f65461bd93001ea1ef889cd5529dd176593f5338a1"
 dependencies = [
- "allocator-api2",
- "equivalent",
  "foldhash 0.1.3",
 ]
 
@@ -2026,15 +1822,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "either",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "itertools"
-version = "0.13.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "413ee7dfc52ee1a4949ceeb7dbc8a33f2d6c088194d9f922fb8318faf1f01186"
-dependencies = [
- "either",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "itoa"
 version = "1.0.11"
@@ -2283,15 +2070,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "tracing-subscriber 0.3.18",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "lru"
-version = "0.12.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "234cf4f4a04dc1f57e24b96cc0cd600cf2af460d4161ac5ecdd0af8e1f3b2a38"
-dependencies = [
- "hashbrown 0.15.5",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "lru"
 version = "0.18.0"
@@ -2435,7 +2213,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "nomt"
 version = "1.0.3"
 dependencies = [
- "ahash 0.8.11",
  "anyhow",
  "bitvec",
  "cfg-if",
@@ -2447,7 +2224,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "io-uring",
  "libc",
  "loom",
- "lru 0.18.0",
+ "lru",
  "nomt-core",
  "parking_lot",
  "rand 0.10.1",
@@ -2466,7 +2243,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "blake3",
  "borsh 1.5.7",
  "digest 0.10.7",
- "hex",
  "ruint",
  "serde",
  "sha2 0.10.8",
@@ -2693,17 +2469,6 @@ version = "2.3.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e3148f5046208a5d56bcfc03053e3ca6334e51da8dfb19b6cdc8b306fae3283e"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "pest"
-version = "2.7.9"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "311fb059dee1a7b802f036316d790138c613a4e8b180c822e3925a662e9f0c95"
-dependencies = [
- "memchr",
- "thiserror",
- "ucd-trie",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "pin-project-lite"
 version = "0.2.14"
@@ -2820,7 +2585,7 @@ version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1d6ea3c4595b96363c13943497db34af4460fb474a95c43f4446ad341b8c9785"
 dependencies = [
- "toml 0.5.11",
+ "toml",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3042,12 +2807,12 @@ checksum = "63b8176103e19a2643978565ca18b50549f6101881c443590420e4dc998a3c69"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rand_distr"
-version = "0.4.3"
+version = "0.6.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "32cb0b9bc82b0a0876c2dd994a7e7a2683d3e7390ca40e6886785ef0c7e3ee31"
+checksum = "4d431c2703ccf129de4d45253c03f49ebb22b97d6ad79ee3ecfc7e3f4862c1d8"
 dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.5",
+ "rand 0.10.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3180,16 +2945,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "digest 0.10.7",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "rlp"
-version = "0.5.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bb919243f34364b6bd2fc10ef797edbfa75f33c252e7998527479c6d6b47e1ec"
-dependencies = [
- "bytes",
- "rustc-hex",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "rocksdb"
 version = "0.21.0"
@@ -3206,26 +2961,7 @@ version = "1.18.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0298da754d1395046b0afdc2f20ee76d29a8ae310cd30ffa84ed42acba9cb12a"
 dependencies = [
- "alloy-rlp",
- "ark-ff 0.3.0",
- "ark-ff 0.4.2",
- "ark-ff 0.5.0",
- "bytes",
- "fastrlp 0.3.1",
- "fastrlp 0.4.0",
- "num-bigint",
- "num-integer",
- "num-traits",
- "parity-scale-codec",
- "primitive-types",
- "proptest",
- "rand 0.8.5",
- "rand 0.9.4",
- "rlp",
  "ruint-macro",
- "serde_core",
- "valuable",
- "zeroize",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3252,22 +2988,13 @@ version = "2.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3e75f6a532d0fd9f7f13144f392b6ad56a32696bfcd9c78f797f16bbb6f072d6"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "rustc_version"
-version = "0.3.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f0dfe2087c51c460008730de8b57e6a320782fbfb312e1f4d520e6c6fae155ee"
-dependencies = [
- "semver 0.11.0",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc_version"
 version = "0.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "bfa0f585226d2e68097d4f95d113b15b83a82e819ab25717ec0590d9584ef366"
 dependencies = [
- "semver 1.0.22",
+ "semver",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3455,30 +3182,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "semver"
-version = "0.11.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f301af10236f6df4160f7c3f04eec6dbc70ace82d23326abad5edee88801c6b6"
-dependencies = [
- "semver-parser",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "semver"
 version = "1.0.22"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "92d43fe69e652f3df9bdc2b85b2854a0825b86e4fb76bc44d945137d053639ca"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "semver-parser"
-version = "0.10.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "00b0bef5b7f9e0df16536d3961cfb6e84331c065b4066afb39768d0e319411f7"
-dependencies = [
- "pest",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
 version = "1.0.228"
@@ -3540,15 +3249,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "serde_spanned"
-version = "0.6.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "eb3622f419d1296904700073ea6cc23ad690adbd66f13ea683df73298736f0c1"
-dependencies = [
- "serde",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "serdect"
 version = "0.2.0"
@@ -4343,26 +4043,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "toml"
-version = "0.8.12"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e9dd1545e8208b4a5af1aa9bbd0b4cf7e9ea08fabc5d0a5c67fcaafa17433aa3"
-dependencies = [
- "serde",
- "serde_spanned",
- "toml_datetime",
- "toml_edit 0.22.12",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_datetime"
 version = "0.6.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3550f4e9685620ac18a50ed434eb3aec30db8ba93b0287467bca5826ea25baf1"
-dependencies = [
- "serde",
-]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "toml_edit"
@@ -4372,7 +4057,7 @@ checksum = "1b5bb770da30e5cbfde35a2d7b9b8a2c4b8ef89548a7a6aeab5c9a576e3e7421"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap 2.14.0",
  "toml_datetime",
- "winnow 0.5.40",
+ "winnow",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4383,7 +4068,7 @@ checksum = "70f427fce4d84c72b5b732388bf4a9f4531b53f74e2887e3ecb2481f68f66d81"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap 2.14.0",
  "toml_datetime",
- "winnow 0.5.40",
+ "winnow",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4394,20 +4079,7 @@ checksum = "6a8534fd7f78b5405e860340ad6575217ce99f38d4d5c8f2442cb5ecb50090e1"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap 2.14.0",
  "toml_datetime",
- "winnow 0.5.40",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "toml_edit"
-version = "0.22.12"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d3328d4f68a705b2a4498da1d580585d39a6510f98318a2cec3018a7ec61ddef"
-dependencies = [
- "indexmap 2.14.0",
- "serde",
- "serde_spanned",
- "toml_datetime",
- "winnow 0.6.7",
+ "winnow",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4560,12 +4232,6 @@ version = "1.17.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "42ff0bf0c66b8238c6f3b578df37d0b7848e55df8577b3f74f92a69acceeb825"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "ucd-trie"
-version = "0.1.6"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ed646292ffc8188ef8ea4d1e0e0150fb15a5c2e12ad9b8fc191ae7a8a7f3c4b9"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "uint"
 version = "0.9.5"
@@ -4655,8 +4321,8 @@ dependencies = [
  "ark-bls12-377",
  "ark-bls12-381",
  "ark-ec",
- "ark-ff 0.4.2",
- "ark-serialize 0.4.2",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
  "ark-serialize-derive",
  "arrayref",
  "constcat",
@@ -4798,7 +4464,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.11.1",
  "hashbrown 0.15.5",
  "indexmap 2.14.0",
- "semver 1.0.22",
+ "semver",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -5207,15 +4873,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "winnow"
-version = "0.6.7"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "14b9415ee827af173ebb3f15f9083df5a122eb93572ec28741fb153356ea2578"
-dependencies = [
- "memchr",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "wit-bindgen"
 version = "0.51.0"
@@ -5302,7 +4959,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "id-arena",
  "indexmap 2.14.0",
  "log",
- "semver 1.0.22",
+ "semver",
  "serde",
  "serde_derive",
  "serde_json",
diff --git a/benchtop/Cargo.toml b/benchtop/Cargo.toml
index 5fba5a7047..b2f88619fc 100644
--- a/benchtop/Cargo.toml
+++ b/benchtop/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,18 +11,16 @@ license = "MIT/Apache-2.0"
 
 # benchmarking
 clap = { version = "4.4.8", features = ["derive"] }
-anyhow = { version = "1.0.75" }
+anyhow = { version = "1.0.102" }
 hdrhistogram = "7.5.4"
 fxhash = "0.2.1"
-rand = "0.8.5"
-rand_distr = "0.4.3"
+rand = "0.10.1"
+rand_distr = "0.6.0"
 sha2 = { version = "0.10.6" }
-ruint = { version = "1.12.1" }
-toml = "0.8.12"
 serde = "1.0.199"
 humantime = "2.1.0"
 rayon = "1.10"
-lru = "0.12.5"
+lru = "0.18.0"
 libc = "0.2.155"
 
 # sov-db
diff --git a/benchtop/src/custom_workload.rs b/benchtop/src/custom_workload.rs
index 22acf2bd04..90341edcb8 100644
--- a/benchtop/src/custom_workload.rs
+++ b/benchtop/src/custom_workload.rs
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ impl Workload for RwWorkload {
         let n_reads_fresh = fresh(n_reads);
         let n_writes_fresh = fresh(n_writes);
 
-        let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
+        let mut rng = rand::rng();
 
         for i in 0..n_reads {
             let _ = if i < n_reads_fresh {
@@ -147,6 +147,6 @@ impl Workload for RwWorkload {
 fn rand_key(rng: &mut impl Rng) -> [u8; 32] {
     // keys must be uniformly distributed
     let mut key = [0; 32];
-    rng.fill(&mut key[..16]);
+    rng.fill_bytes(&mut key[..16]);
     key
 }
diff --git a/benchtop/src/transfer_workload.rs b/benchtop/src/transfer_workload.rs
index 00ff5ee5e6..1f8639eed5 100644
--- a/benchtop/src/transfer_workload.rs
+++ b/benchtop/src/transfer_workload.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use crate::{
     cli::StateItemDistribution,
     workload::{Distribution, Workload},
 };
-use rand::Rng;
+use rand::RngExt;
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct TransferInit {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ impl Workload for TransferWorkload {
             (self.workload_size as f64 * (self.percentage_cold_transfer as f64 / 100.0)) as u64;
         let warm_sends = self.workload_size - cold_sends;
 
-        let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
+        let mut rng = rand::rng();
         for i in 0..self.workload_size {
             let send_account = self.distribution.sample(&mut rng);
             let recv_account = if i < warm_sends {
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ impl Workload for TransferWorkload {
             } else {
                 // odds of two threads generating the same random account here are
                 // incredibly low.
-                rng.gen_range(self.num_accounts..u64::max_value())
+                rng.random_range(self.num_accounts..u64::max_value())
             };
 
             let send_balance = decode_balance(
diff --git a/benchtop/src/workload.rs b/benchtop/src/workload.rs
index c1285455b4..f5a10fe34d 100644
--- a/benchtop/src/workload.rs
+++ b/benchtop/src/workload.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use anyhow::Result;
 use lru::LruCache;
-use rand::{distributions::Distribution as _, Rng};
+use rand::{distr::Distribution as _, Rng};
 
 /// An interface for generating new sets of actions.
 pub trait Workload: Send {
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ impl<'a> Transaction for LruCacheTransaction<'a> {
 }
 
 pub enum Distribution {
-    Uniform(rand::distributions::Uniform<u64>),
+    Uniform(rand::distr::Uniform<u64>),
     Pareto(rand_distr::Pareto<f64>, u64, u64),
 }
 
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ impl Distribution {
     pub fn new(param: StateItemDistribution, low: u64, high: u64) -> Self {
         match param {
             StateItemDistribution::Uniform => {
-                Distribution::Uniform(rand::distributions::Uniform::new(low, high))
+                Distribution::Uniform(rand::distr::Uniform::new(low, high).unwrap())
             }
             StateItemDistribution::Pareto => Distribution::Pareto(
                 // shape of log_4(5) = 1.16 gives an 80/20 relationship
diff --git a/core/Cargo.toml b/core/Cargo.toml
index 768aef324b..bdd848feb4 100644
--- a/core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/core/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ license.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
 bitvec.workspace = true
-hex.workspace = true
 ruint.workspace = true
 arrayvec.workspace = true
 borsh = { workspace = true, optional = true }
diff --git a/examples/witness_verification/Cargo.toml b/examples/witness_verification/Cargo.toml
index e916365611..dfc62810db 100644
--- a/examples/witness_verification/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/witness_verification/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,4 +13,3 @@ license.workspace = true
 nomt-core = { path = "../../core"  }
 commit-batch = { path = "../commit_batch"  }
 anyhow = "1.0.81"
-blake3 = "1.5.1"
diff --git a/nomt/Cargo.toml b/nomt/Cargo.toml
index 4d057b046a..b697394ff7 100644
--- a/nomt/Cargo.toml
+++ b/nomt/Cargo.toml
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ crossbeam.workspace = true
 crossbeam-channel.workspace = true
 slab.workspace = true
 rand.workspace = true
-ahash.workspace = true
 imbl.workspace = true
 lru.workspace = true
 libc.workspace = true