diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyController.cs
index 2fcb55d0e..2b7d88fbb 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyController.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<BundleCompetencyDto>> DeleteBundleCompetency(int
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
                 AdjustBundleCompetencyOrders(bundleComp);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Cannot delete this bundle competency.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyGroupController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyGroupController.cs
index 9fb69a71f..64afdb83a 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyGroupController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleCompetencyGroupController.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<BundleCompetencyGroupDto>> DeleteGroup(int bundle
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
                 AdjustGroupOrders(group);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Cannot delete group. Competencies must be removed from the group, and the group cannot have been used to document a student competency.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleController.cs
index b1ba9cea1..18ac1587a 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/BundleController.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<BundleDto>> DeleteBundle(int bundleId)
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
                 await trans.CommitAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Could not delete bundle. If this bundle has been used, it cannot be deleted.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CompetencyController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CompetencyController.cs
index 8c729ab04..4ab195663 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CompetencyController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CompetencyController.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Viper.Areas.CTS.Models;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<CompetencyDto>> DeleteCompetency(int competencyId
             {
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Could not remove domain. It may be linked to other objects.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CourseController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CourseController.cs
index f2a755c02..2d1c39f62 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CourseController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/CourseController.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<List<RoleDto>>> SetCourseRoles(int courseId, List
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
                 await trans.CommitAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Could not set roles.");
             }
@@ -285,7 +286,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<List<SessionCompetencyDto>>> UpdateSessionCompete
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
                 await trans.CommitAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Could not update levels.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/DomainController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/DomainController.cs
index a461b41d6..91c9bf908 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/DomainController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/DomainController.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<DomainDto>> DeleteDomain(int domainId)
             {
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Could not remove domain. It may be linked to other objects.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/EpaController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/EpaController.cs
index 7bbceb387..17ecd85f6 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/EpaController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/EpaController.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Viper.Services;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<Epa>> DeleteEpa(int epaId)
                 context.Entry(epa).State = EntityState.Deleted;
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest(ex.Message);
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/LevelsController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/LevelsController.cs
index c9e601d3e..0d8930ccf 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/LevelsController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/LevelsController.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.CTS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult> DeleteLevel(int levelId)
                 AdjustLevelOrders(existing);
                 await trans.CommitAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Could not delete level. If this level has been used in an assessment, it cannot be deleted.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/RoleController.cs b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/RoleController.cs
index 73ee123a4..0ae1b016a 100644
--- a/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/RoleController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/CTS/Controllers/RoleController.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes;
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.CTS.Controllers
 {
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<RoleDto>> DeleteRole(int roleId)
                 context.Entry(role).State = EntityState.Deleted;
                 await context.SaveChangesAsync();
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return BadRequest("Could not delete role. If this role has been added to a bundle, it cannot be deleted.");
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/CliniciansController.cs b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/CliniciansController.cs
index a762b76f1..5f257e8c0 100644
--- a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/CliniciansController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/CliniciansController.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 using Viper.Models.ClinicalScheduler;
 using Web.Authorization;
 using Viper.Classes.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.ClinicalScheduler.Controllers
 {
@@ -334,7 +335,7 @@ public async Task<IActionResult> GetClinicianSchedule(string mothraId, [FromQuer
                     schedules.Count, LogSanitizer.SanitizeId(mothraId), LogSanitizer.SanitizeYear(targetYear));
                 return Ok(result);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("MothraId", mothraId);
@@ -381,7 +382,7 @@ public async Task<IActionResult> GetClinicianRotations(string mothraId)
                 _logger.LogDebug("Found {RotationCount} unique rotations for clinician {MothraId}", rotations.Count, LogSanitizer.SanitizeId(mothraId));
                 return Ok(rotations);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("MothraId", mothraId);
@@ -575,7 +576,7 @@ private IEnumerable<ClinicianSummary> FilterCliniciansByPermissions(IEnumerable<
                 // All other cases (Admin, Manage, EditClnSchedules, rotation view, or service-specific permissions) see all clinicians
                 return clinicians;
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 _logger.LogError(ex, "Error filtering clinicians by permissions. Returning unfiltered list.");
                 return clinicians; // Return unfiltered list on error to avoid breaking functionality
@@ -653,7 +654,7 @@ private bool CheckClinicianScheduleViewPermission(string targetMothraId)
                     LogSanitizer.SanitizeId(currentUser.MothraId), LogSanitizer.SanitizeId(targetMothraId));
                 return false;
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 _logger.LogError(ex, "Error checking clinician schedule view permission for target {TargetMothraId}", LogSanitizer.SanitizeId(targetMothraId));
                 return false; // Deny access on error
diff --git a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/InstructorScheduleController.cs b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/InstructorScheduleController.cs
index 2085a186d..d189b7d09 100644
--- a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/InstructorScheduleController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/InstructorScheduleController.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 using Viper.Models.ClinicalScheduler;
 using Web.Authorization;
 using Viper.Classes.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.ClinicalScheduler.Controllers
 {
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ public async Task<IActionResult> AddInstructor(
             {
                 return HandleInvalidOperation(ex, correlationId);
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return HandleSystemError(ex, request.RotationId!.Value, correlationId);
             }
@@ -335,7 +337,7 @@ public async Task<IActionResult> RemoveInstructor(
                     userMessage,
                     correlationId));
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 _logger.LogError(ex, "Error removing instructor schedule {ScheduleId} (CorrelationId: {CorrelationId})",
                     instructorScheduleId, correlationId);
@@ -414,7 +416,7 @@ public async Task<IActionResult> SetPrimaryEvaluator(
                     instructorScheduleId, correlationId);
                 return Forbid();
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 _logger.LogError(ex, "Error setting primary evaluator for instructor schedule {ScheduleId} (CorrelationId: {CorrelationId})",
                     instructorScheduleId, correlationId);
@@ -507,7 +509,7 @@ public async Task<IActionResult> CheckScheduleConflicts(
 
                 return Ok(response);
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 _logger.LogError(ex, "Error checking schedule conflicts for {MothraId}", LogSanitizer.SanitizeId(mothraId));
                 return StatusCode(500, "An error occurred while checking for schedule conflicts");
@@ -532,7 +534,7 @@ public async Task<IActionResult> GetAuditHistory(
                 var auditHistory = await _auditService.GetInstructorScheduleAuditHistoryAsync(instructorScheduleId, cancellationToken);
                 return Ok(auditHistory);
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 _logger.LogError(ex, "Error retrieving audit history for instructor schedule {ScheduleId}", instructorScheduleId);
                 return StatusCode(500, "An error occurred while retrieving audit history");
diff --git a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/PermissionsController.cs b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/PermissionsController.cs
index 4779789a0..b37c871a7 100644
--- a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/PermissionsController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/PermissionsController.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Web.Authorization;
 using Viper.Classes.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.ClinicalScheduler.Controllers
 {
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<object>> CanEditService(int serviceId)
 
                 return Ok(new { canEdit });
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("ServiceId", serviceId);
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<object>> CanEditRotation(int rotationId)
 
                 return Ok(new { canEdit });
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("RotationId", rotationId);
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<object>> CanEditOwnSchedule(int instructorSchedul
 
                 return Ok(new { canEditOwn });
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("InstructorScheduleId", instructorScheduleId);
diff --git a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/RotationsController.cs b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/RotationsController.cs
index fac532700..ebb33f7a1 100644
--- a/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/RotationsController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/ClinicalScheduler/Controllers/RotationsController.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 using Viper.Models.ClinicalScheduler;
 using Web.Authorization;
 using Person = Viper.Models.ClinicalScheduler.Person;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.ClinicalScheduler.Controllers
 {
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<IEnumerable<RotationDto>>> GetRotations(int? serv
                     rotations.Count, filteredRotations.Count);
                 return Ok(filteredRotations);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext(new Dictionary<string, object>
@@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetRotation(int id)
                 _logger.LogInformation("Retrieved rotation via RotationService: {RotationName}", rotation.Name);
                 return Ok(response);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("RotationId", id);
@@ -240,7 +241,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<object>> GetRotationSchedule(int id, [FromQuery]
 
                 return Ok(BuildRotationScheduleResponse(rotation, targetYear, groupedSchedules, recentCliniciansList));
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("RotationId", id);
@@ -305,7 +306,7 @@ join w in _context.Weeks on i.WeekId equals w.WeekId
                 _logger.LogInformation("Retrieved {Count} rotations with scheduled weeks for year {Year} (filtered to {FilteredCount})", rotationsWithSchedules.Count, LogSanitizer.SanitizeYear(targetYear), filteredRotations.Count);
                 return Ok(filteredRotations);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 // Store context for ApiExceptionFilter to use in logging
                 SetExceptionContext("Year", year?.ToString() ?? "null");
diff --git a/web/Areas/Computing/Services/BiorenderStudentLookup.cs b/web/Areas/Computing/Services/BiorenderStudentLookup.cs
index 5d6d3e93a..d14800730 100644
--- a/web/Areas/Computing/Services/BiorenderStudentLookup.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/Computing/Services/BiorenderStudentLookup.cs
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ static private bool IsValidEmail(string email)
                 var addr = new System.Net.Mail.MailAddress(email);
                 return addr.Address == trimmed;
             }
-            catch
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is FormatException or ArgumentException)
             {
                 return false;
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/AdGroupsController.cs b/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/AdGroupsController.cs
index 96eda27d9..b43f7601a 100644
--- a/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/AdGroupsController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/AdGroupsController.cs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.Utilities;
 using Viper.Models.RAPS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.RAPS.Controllers
 {
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<OuGroup>> CreateGroup(GroupAddEdit group)
                 OuGroup newOuGroup = await _ouGroupService.CreateRapsGroup(group.Name, group.Description);
                 return CreatedAtAction("CreateGroup", new { id = newOuGroup.OugroupId }, newOuGroup);
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 //Exception message could be indication user is trying to create a group that exists or is invalid.
                 return ValidationProblem(ex.Message);
diff --git a/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RoleMembersController.cs b/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RoleMembersController.cs
index a3cae450a..37b8f7d88 100644
--- a/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RoleMembersController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RoleMembersController.cs
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ private static void UpdateTblRoleMemberWithDto(TblRoleMember tblRoleMember, Role
                         return vmacsResponse;
                     }
                 }
-                catch
+                catch (JsonException)
                 {
                     return new VmacsResponse()
                     {
diff --git a/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RolesController.cs b/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RolesController.cs
index cd108272a..373462f0a 100644
--- a/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RolesController.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/RAPS/Controllers/RolesController.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes;
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.RAPS;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.RAPS.Controllers
 {
@@ -225,7 +226,7 @@ public async Task<ActionResult<TblRole>> PostTblRole(string instance, RoleCreate
             {
                 return Problem("The record was not updated because it was locked. " + ex.InnerException?.Message);
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 return Problem("There was a problem updating the database. " + ex.InnerException?.Message);
             }
diff --git a/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/OuGroupService.cs b/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/OuGroupService.cs
index 4352927f0..2debbe6bb 100644
--- a/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/OuGroupService.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/OuGroupService.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.Utilities;
 using Viper.Models.RAPS;
 using static Viper.Areas.RAPS.Services.RAPSAuditService;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.RAPS.Services
 {
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ public async Task<List<Group>> GetAllGroups(string? search)
             {
                 ActiveDirectoryService.GetGroups();
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 Logger logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();
                 logger.Error(ex);
diff --git a/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/VMACSExport.cs b/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/VMACSExport.cs
index ce945db4d..3da8c92c0 100644
--- a/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/VMACSExport.cs
+++ b/web/Areas/RAPS/Services/VMACSExport.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Viper.Areas.RAPS.Models;
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Classes.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Areas.RAPS.Services
 {
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ public async Task<List<string>> ExportToVMACS(string instance, string? server =
                         VmacsResponse vmacsResponse = await ParseResponse(response);
                         RecordMessage(messages, JsonSerializer.Serialize(vmacsResponse));
                     }
-                    catch (Exception ex)
+                    catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
                     {
                         HttpHelper.Logger.Log(NLog.LogLevel.Warn, ex);
                         RecordMessage(messages, "Error: " + ex.Message + " " + ex?.StackTrace);
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@ private static async Task<VmacsResponse> ParseResponse(HttpResponseMessage respo
                     vmacsResponse.Success = response.IsSuccessStatusCode;
                 }
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 vmacsResponse = new()
                 {
diff --git a/web/Classes/ClaimsTransformer.cs b/web/Classes/ClaimsTransformer.cs
index 3a6ebed4b..35ace9172 100644
--- a/web/Classes/ClaimsTransformer.cs
+++ b/web/Classes/ClaimsTransformer.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 using Viper.Classes;
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Viper.Models.AAUD;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Web.Authorization
 {
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ public Task<ClaimsPrincipal> TransformAsync(ClaimsPrincipal principal)
 
 
                 }
-                catch (Exception ex)
+                catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
                 {
                     bool isProd = false;
 
diff --git a/web/Classes/SitemapMiddleware.cs b/web/Classes/SitemapMiddleware.cs
index 159e17071..05d757ad0 100644
--- a/web/Classes/SitemapMiddleware.cs
+++ b/web/Classes/SitemapMiddleware.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Text;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Classes
 {
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
                         await memoryStream.CopyToAsync(stream, bytes.Length);
                     }
                 }
-                catch (Exception)
+                catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
                 {
                     await _next(context);
                 }
diff --git a/web/Classes/UserHelper.cs b/web/Classes/UserHelper.cs
index 88853d526..498183b32 100644
--- a/web/Classes/UserHelper.cs
+++ b/web/Classes/UserHelper.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 using Viper.Models.AAUD;
 using Viper.Models.RAPS;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper
 {
@@ -291,7 +293,7 @@ public bool HasPermission(RAPSContext? rapsContext, AaudUser? user, string permi
                         return user;
                     }
                 }
-                catch (Exception ex)
+                catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
                 {
                     HttpHelper.Logger.Error(ex);
                     return null;
@@ -318,7 +320,7 @@ public bool HasPermission(RAPSContext? rapsContext, AaudUser? user, string permi
 
                 return currentUser;
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 HttpHelper.Logger.Error(ex);
                 return null;
@@ -355,7 +357,7 @@ public bool HasPermission(RAPSContext? rapsContext, AaudUser? user, string permi
                 }
                 else { return GetCurrentUser(); }
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 HttpHelper.Logger.Error(ex);
                 return null;
diff --git a/web/Classes/Utilities/ActiveDirectoryService.cs b/web/Classes/Utilities/ActiveDirectoryService.cs
index ac0d950a8..870e34b6f 100644
--- a/web/Classes/Utilities/ActiveDirectoryService.cs
+++ b/web/Classes/Utilities/ActiveDirectoryService.cs
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 using System.DirectoryServices.Protocols;
 using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 using Viper.Areas.RAPS.Models;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Classes.Utilities
 {
@@ -219,7 +221,7 @@ public static void AddUserToGroup(string userDn, string groupDn)
                     group.Save();
                 }
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 HttpHelper.Logger.Error(ex);
             }
@@ -245,7 +247,7 @@ public static void RemoveUserFromGroup(string userDn, string groupDn)
                     group.Save();
                 }
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 HttpHelper.Logger.Error(ex);
             }
diff --git a/web/Classes/Utilities/F5HttpRequest.cs b/web/Classes/Utilities/F5HttpRequest.cs
index 147a30e8f..a524e9852 100644
--- a/web/Classes/Utilities/F5HttpRequest.cs
+++ b/web/Classes/Utilities/F5HttpRequest.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 using System.Text.Json;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Classes.Utilities
 {
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ public async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Send(HttpRequestMessage request, int atte
             {
                 response = await _httpClient.SendAsync(request);
             }
-            catch (Exception)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 response = await HandleConnectionFail(request, attemptNumber);
             }
diff --git a/web/Classes/Utilities/IamApi.cs b/web/Classes/Utilities/IamApi.cs
index 2801a19b2..083711475 100644
--- a/web/Classes/Utilities/IamApi.cs
+++ b/web/Classes/Utilities/IamApi.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 using System.Text.Json;
 using System.Web;
 using Viper.Models.IAM;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Classes.Utilities
 {
@@ -449,7 +451,7 @@ static private async Task<Response<T>> ParseResponse<T>(HttpResponseMessage? res
 
                 }
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 r.ErrorMessage = "Invalid response: " + ex.Message + ".";
             }
diff --git a/web/Program.cs b/web/Program.cs
index 5fee3318b..4aa474663 100644
--- a/web/Program.cs
+++ b/web/Program.cs
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 using Viper.Classes.SQLContext;
 using Web;
 using Web.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 // Load .env.local for local development only (multiple-instance support)
 // Avoid loading in production - guard by ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT.
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@
             .AddSystemsManager("/" + builder.Environment.EnvironmentName, awsOptions)
             .AddSystemsManager("/Shared", awsOptions);
     }
-    catch (Exception ex)
+    catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
     {
         logger.Fatal(ex, "Failed to get secrets from AWS");
     }
@@ -439,7 +440,7 @@ void RegisterDbContext<TContext>(string connectionStringKey) where TContext : Db
                     await ViteProxyHelpers.CopyProxyResponse(context, response);
                     return; // Successfully proxied, don't continue to static files
                 }
-                catch (Exception ex)
+                catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
                 {
                     var logger = context.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<ILogger<Program>>();
                     logger.LogDebug(ex, "Vite server not available, falling back to static files for {Path}",
@@ -523,7 +524,9 @@ void RegisterDbContext<TContext>(string connectionStringKey) where TContext : Db
     app.Run();
 #pragma warning restore S6966
 }
+#pragma warning disable CA1031 // Top-level app startup must catch any exception to log fatal and rethrow as InvalidOperationException with context for hosting platform.
 catch (Exception exception)
+#pragma warning restore CA1031
 {
     // NLog: catch setup errors
     logger.Fatal(exception, "Stopped program because of exception");
@@ -570,7 +573,7 @@ void SetAwsCredentials(Logger logger)
         {
             File.Delete(awsCredentialsFilePath);
         }
-        catch (Exception ex)
+        catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
         {
             logger.Error(ex, $"COULD NOT DELETE THE AWS CREDENTIALS XML FILE (\"{awsCredentialsFilePath}\").  The file will need to be deleted manually.");
             logger.Error(ex, $"COULD NOT DELETE THE AWS CREDENTIALS XML FILE (\"{awsCredentialsFilePath}\").  The file will need to be deleted manually.");
diff --git a/web/Services/EmailService.cs b/web/Services/EmailService.cs
index 1bb5f9fae..b11866d36 100644
--- a/web/Services/EmailService.cs
+++ b/web/Services/EmailService.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
 using MimeKit;
 using Viper.Classes.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
 
 namespace Viper.Services
 {
@@ -218,7 +220,7 @@ public async Task<bool> IsServiceAvailableAsync()
                 // For production, assume the SMTP server is available
                 return true;
             }
-            catch (Exception ex)
+            catch (Exception ex) when (ex is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException)
             {
                 _logger.LogError(ex, "Error checking email service availability");
                 return false;
diff --git a/web/ViteProxyHelpers.cs b/web/ViteProxyHelpers.cs
index fa939bead..fada34ff3 100644
--- a/web/ViteProxyHelpers.cs
+++ b/web/ViteProxyHelpers.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using System.Net;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using Microsoft.Data.SqlClient;
+using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
 
 namespace Web;
 
@@ -278,7 +280,7 @@ public static async Task CopyProxyResponse(HttpContext context, HttpResponseMess
                 {
                     context.Response.Headers[header.Key] = header.Value.ToArray();
                 }
-                catch (Exception headerEx)
+                catch (Exception headerEx) when (headerEx is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException or IOException)
                 {
                     // Use structured logging for header errors
                     var safeHeaderKey = WebUtility.HtmlEncode(header.Key);
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ public static async Task HandleProxyError(HttpContext context, Exception ex, ILo
                     return;
                 }
             }
-            catch (Exception fileEx)
+            catch (Exception fileEx) when (fileEx is DbUpdateException or SqlException or InvalidOperationException or OperationCanceledException or IOException)
             {
                 var safePath = context.Request.Path.ToString().Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "");
                 logger.LogWarning(fileEx, "Failed to serve static file fallback for {Path}", safePath);