Merge pull request #14 from urboob21/dev_branch

id 1763290812

Author: urbytes21

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ set(APP_SOURCES
     "src/patterns/structural/Composite.cpp"
     "src/patterns/structural/Flyweight.cpp"
     "src/patterns/structural/Facade.cpp"
+    "src/patterns/structural/Decorator.cpp"
 )
 
 # Test files

docs/uml/patterns_structural_decorator.drawio.svg

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 // Appicability:
 // (*)   when you have to implement a tree-like object structure.
 // (**)  when you want the client code to treat both simple and complex elements uniformly.
-// UML: docs/uml/patterns_structural_facade.drawio.svg
+// UML: docs/uml/patterns_structural_composite.drawio.svg
 
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ struct CompositeAutoRuner
     CompositeAutoRuner()
     {
         std::cout << "\n--- Composite Pattern Example ---\n";
-        // Problem::run();
+        Problem::run();
         CompositePattern::run();
     }
 };

src/patterns/structural/Composite.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// Decorator is a structural design pattern that lets you attach new behaviors to objects
+// by placing these objects inside special wrapper objects that contain the behaviors.
+// Appicability:
+// (*)   when you need to be able to assign extra behaviors to objects at runtime without breaking the code that uses these objects.
+// (**)  when it’s awkward or not possible to extend an object’s behavior using inheritance.
+// UML: docs/uml/patterns_structural_decorator.drawio.svg
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <list>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace
+{
+    namespace Problem
+    {
+
+        class IComponent
+        {
+        public:
+            virtual ~IComponent() {}
+            virtual std::string operation() const = 0;
+        };
+
+        class ConcreteComponent : public IComponent
+        {
+        public:
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return "ConcreteComponent";
+            }
+        };
+
+        class ComponentWithA : public ConcreteComponent
+        {
+        public:
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return ConcreteComponent::operation() + " + FeatureA";
+            }
+        };
+
+        class ComponentWithB : public ConcreteComponent
+        {
+        public:
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return ConcreteComponent::operation() + " + FeatureB";
+            }
+        };
+
+        class ComponentWithAandB : public ConcreteComponent
+        {
+        public:
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return ConcreteComponent::operation() + " + FeatureA + FeatureB";
+            }
+        };
+
+        // [P1]
+        // If you have 3 features , e.g FeatureC -> many combinations
+        // If you have 5 features -> 32 subclasses
+
+        namespace Client
+        {
+            void clientCode(const IComponent &comp)
+            {
+                std::cout << comp.operation() << "\n";
+            }
+        }
+
+        void run()
+        {
+            std::cout << "\n\nProblem\n";
+            IComponent *simple = new ConcreteComponent;
+            Client::clientCode(*simple);
+
+            IComponent *withA = new ComponentWithA;
+            Client::clientCode(*withA);
+
+            IComponent *withB = new ComponentWithB;
+            Client::clientCode(*withB);
+
+            IComponent *withAB = new ComponentWithAandB;
+            Client::clientCode(*withAB);
+
+            delete simple;
+            delete withA;
+            delete withB;
+            delete withAB;
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    namespace DecoratorPattern
+    {
+        class IComponent
+        {
+        public:
+            virtual ~IComponent() {}
+            virtual std::string operation() const = 0;
+        };
+
+        /**
+         * Concrete Component 
+         * - is a class of objects being wrapped. 
+         * - defines the basic behavior, which can be altered by decorators.
+         */
+        class ConcreteComponent : public IComponent
+        {
+        public:
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return "ConcreteComponent";
+            }
+        };
+
+        /**
+         * The base Decorator class follows the same interface as the other components.
+         * - has a field for referencing a wrapped object. 
+         * - the field’s type should be declared as the component interface so it can contain both concrete components and decorators. 
+         * - the base decorator delegates all operations to the wrapped object.
+         */
+        class BaseDecorator : public IComponent
+        {
+        protected:
+            IComponent *m_component;
+
+        public:
+            explicit BaseDecorator(IComponent *component) : m_component{component} {}
+
+            /**
+             * The Decorator delegates all work to the wrapped component.
+             */
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return m_component->operation();
+            }
+        };
+
+        /**
+         * Concrete Decorators :
+         * - call the wrapped object and alter its result in some way.
+         * - define extra behaviors that can be added to components dynamically. 
+         * - override methods of the base decorator and execute their behavior either before
+         * or after calling the parent method.
+         */
+        class ConcreteDecoratorA : public BaseDecorator
+        {
+        public:
+            explicit ConcreteDecoratorA(IComponent *component) : BaseDecorator{component} {}
+
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return BaseDecorator::operation() + " + FeatureA";
+            }
+        };
+
+        class ConcreteDecoratorB : public BaseDecorator
+        {
+        public:
+            explicit ConcreteDecoratorB(IComponent *component) : BaseDecorator{component} {}
+
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return BaseDecorator::operation() + " + FeatureB";
+            }
+        };
+
+        class ConcreteDecoratorC : public BaseDecorator
+        {
+        public:
+            explicit ConcreteDecoratorC(IComponent *component) : BaseDecorator{component} {}
+
+            std::string operation() const override
+            {
+                return BaseDecorator::operation() + " + FeatureC";
+            }
+        };
+
+        namespace Client
+        {
+            void clientCode(const IComponent &comp)
+            {
+                std::cout << comp.operation() << "\n";
+            }
+        }
+
+        void run()
+        {
+            std::cout << "\n\nDecorator\n";
+            IComponent *simple = new ConcreteComponent;
+            Client::clientCode(*simple);
+
+            IComponent *withA = new ConcreteDecoratorA(simple);
+            Client::clientCode(*withA);
+
+            IComponent *withB = new ConcreteDecoratorB(simple);
+            Client::clientCode(*withB);
+
+            IComponent *withAB = new ConcreteDecoratorB(withA);
+            Client::clientCode(*withAB);
+
+            IComponent *withABC = new ConcreteDecoratorC(withAB);
+            Client::clientCode(*withABC);
+
+            delete simple;
+            delete withA;
+            delete withB;
+            delete withAB;
+            delete withABC;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+struct DecoratorAutoRuner
+{
+    DecoratorAutoRuner()
+    {
+        std::cout << "\n--- Decorator Pattern Example ---\n";
+        Problem::run();
+        DecoratorPattern::run();
+    }
+};
+
+static DecoratorAutoRuner instance;

src/patterns/structural/Decorator.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 // Appicability:
 // (*)   when you need to have a limited but straightforward interface to a complex subsystem.
 // (**)  when you want to structure a subsystem into layers.
-// UML: none
+// UML: docs/uml/patterns_structural_facade.drawio.svg
 
 #include <iostream>
 namespace