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cluster: enable cluster transport TLS in the test and CI configurations - #37999

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jasonhernandez wants to merge 8 commits into
MaterializeInc:mainfrom
jasonhernandez:jason/ctp-tls-enable-tests
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cluster: enable cluster transport TLS in the test and CI configurations#37999
jasonhernandez wants to merge 8 commits into
MaterializeInc:mainfrom
jasonhernandez:jason/ctp-tls-enable-tests

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Motivation

PR 4 of 4 in the CTP encryption stack (#37995#37996#37997 → this). #37997 adds the ability to encrypt and authenticate controller↔replica connections, defaulted off everywhere. This turns it on in the Rust test harness, sqllogictest, and mzcompose, so CI exercises the TLS path before the feature earns trust in production.

Why this is a separate PR. Our convention is that a new flag defaults off in production but on in test/CI, so the new code path gets exercised by sqllogictest, testdrive, and friends. This PR is that half of the convention. It is split out because it affects every test that starts a cluster: if it turns out to be slow or flaky, reverting it should not also revert the feature. The two are intended to land together, and #37997 is not much use without this.

What changes

  • TestHarness (src/environmentd/src/test_util.rs) — bootstraps a CA per test server.
  • sqllogictest runner — same.
  • mzcompose Materialized — passes --cluster-transport-tls, version gated since older images do not know the flag.

What to watch on this PR's CI

This is the first run where CTP traffic is actually encrypted across the suites, so this build is the real signal for the whole stack. Worth looking at specifically:

  • Latency-sensitive and timing-sensitive suites. Every controller↔replica connection now performs a TLS handshake on connect, and all command/response traffic is encrypted. Bulk data mostly bypasses CTP already (stashed peeks and COPY TO go via persist/S3), so steady-state overhead should be small, but I have not measured it with a feature benchmark — that is an explicit gap, not a claim that it is free.
  • platform-checks and 0dt upgrade, since credentials are minted per replica process and per deploy generation.
  • Anything that restarts or reconnects replicas, since reconnect re-reads credentials.

For context on why real-socket coverage matters here: an earlier revision of #37997 had a bug where CTP never flushed after writing a message, which strands data in the TLS record buffer. The turmoil-simulated socket did not reproduce it; only running the real process orchestrator did. That is the class of problem this PR's CI run exists to catch.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

jasonhernandez and others added 8 commits August 1, 2026 12:51
Add optional mutual TLS to CTP connections. When configured, both
endpoints present an X.509 certificate signed by a deployment-internal
CA and verify the peer's certificate chain and identity (a DNS-shaped
name in the SAN) before any CTP bytes are exchanged.

Nothing enables TLS yet. All callers pass None, so behavior is
unchanged. Wiring the configuration through environmentd, the
controllers, and clusterd is follow-up work.

The new transport::tls module provides:

* ClientTlsConfig / ServerTlsConfig: rustls-based endpoint configs.
  TLS 1.3 only, explicit aws-lc-rs provider. The server requires and
  verifies client certificates, then checks the client's identity
  against the expected name. The client verifies the server's identity
  through standard server-name verification.
* CertificateAuthority: rcgen-based issuance of a path-length-zero CA
  and per-endpoint leaf certificates, with PEM persistence and
  reconstruction, for the controller to mint replica credentials.

Connection::start now takes pre-split stream halves so it can run on
either a plain stream or a TLS stream wrapped around one. The CTP
handshake is unchanged and runs inside the TLS channel. The server
bounds the TLS handshake with a 30s timeout so a stalled or non-TLS
peer cannot occupy the single connection slot indefinitely.

Private key material is wrapped in mz_ore::secure::SecureString, so it
is zeroed on drop and redacted from debug output.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Extend SecretsController and SecretsReader with internal secrets,
keyed by name rather than by CatalogItemId. These hold
system-generated credentials, such as the upcoming CTP transport
keys, that have no corresponding catalog item.

The two namespaces are disjoint in every backend: Kubernetes uses an
"internal-" infix next to the existing "user-managed-" one, the
process orchestrator prefixes secret files with "internal-", and AWS
Secrets Manager gets an "internal-" infix after the deployment
prefix. Internal secrets are excluded from list(), whose parsers only
recognize user secret names. Names are validated against a
conservative alphabet (lowercase alphanumerics and dashes) that is
valid in all backends and cannot traverse paths.

The process orchestrator's list() previously errored on any file in
the secrets directory whose name did not parse as a CatalogItemId. It
now skips such files, matching the documented behavior of the other
backends.

The caching reader deliberately does not cache internal secrets. They
are read rarely, typically once at process startup, so caching would
only extend the lifetime of key material in memory.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
…agement

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Callers bootstrapping credentials must distinguish a secret that does
not exist yet (generate and persist a new one) from a transient read
failure (fail and retry). Conflating the two could cause a caller to
regenerate and overwrite live key material. Return Option instead of
an untyped error.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Wire the CTP mutual TLS support end to end, so controller and replica
authenticate each other and their traffic is encrypted. Off by default
everywhere, including in tests. Enabling it in the test and CI
configurations is a separate change.

environmentd, behind the new --cluster-transport-tls flag, bootstraps a
per-environment certificate authority into an internal secret at
startup and mints its own controller certificate. The cluster
controller then mints a certificate per replica when it provisions the
replica, writes it to the replica's internal secret, and passes the
secret name to clusterd. clusterd reads the credentials through the
secrets reader it already has and requires mutual TLS on both
controller listeners. Dropping a replica deletes its secret, and so
does cleaning up replicas left behind by a past deploy generation.

Peer identity is the replica's service name, carried in the
certificate SAN. The controller verifies it connected to the intended
replica, and the replica verifies the peer holds a controller
certificate from the same environment. Credential distribution rides
the machinery that already exists for user secrets, so this needs no
cert-manager, no operator changes, and no new RBAC.

The credential lifecycle needs no operator intervention and no shell
in either image. Replica certificates are re-minted on every replica
process creation, so rotation rides process lifecycle rather than
expiry, and a missing or corrupt credential secret is repaired by the
controller re-ensuring it. Handshake failures are diagnosable from
logs and metrics alone: a per-server failure counter and a
certificate-expiry gauge, plus logs naming the peer and the reason.

A new client now displaces the established one only after passing
transport security, so with TLS enabled an unauthenticated peer that
reaches the listen port can no longer evict the controller. The
handshake runs in its own task, bounded by a 30s timeout, so a stalled
peer blocks neither the accept loop nor the live connection.

Also flush after writing each CTP message. A raw socket write reaches
the peer on its own, but a TLS writer buffers plaintext into records
and need not emit them until flushed, which would strand messages
indefinitely.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Turn on cluster transport TLS in the Rust test harness, sqllogictest,
and mzcompose, so the TLS path is exercised by CI before it earns
trust in production, per our convention that a new flag defaults off
in production but on in test.

Kept separate from the change that adds the capability so this flip is
independently reviewable and revertable. It affects every test that
starts a cluster, so if it proves slow or flaky, reverting it does not
also revert the feature. The two are intended to land together.

The mzcompose flag is version gated, as older images do not know it.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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