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fix(grpc-proxy): emit worker tunnel close reason as metric, log and span - #597

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fix(grpc-proxy): emit worker tunnel close reason as metric, log and span#597
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feat/grpc-proxy-tunnel-close-observability

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@balajinvda

@balajinvda balajinvda commented Jul 31, 2026

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TL;DR

grpc-proxy already computes why it closes every worker tunnel, then writes it to a debug log and discards it. This emits it as a metric, promotes the log to info, and adds a span, so "why did the tunnel drop" becomes answerable from production data.

Observability only, no behaviour change.

Additional Details

The proxy closes worker tunnels for several ordinary reasons: cache TTL expiry, the connection going inactive, capacity eviction, and shutdown drain. mapEvictionReason turns each into a string on every close, and that string only ever reached a debug log line.

That left an entire hop unobserved. Existing metrics cover client connections and NATS; nothing covered the proxy-to-worker leg, which is exactly where connection-lifecycle failures occur. During a recent streaming-disconnect investigation the question "is the proxy dropping these connections, and if so why" stayed open for weeks, while the service computed the answer every single time it happened.

Metrics added, following the naming and pre-initialisation conventions in AGENTS.md:

nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connections_active            gauge
nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connection_opened_total       counter
nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connection_closed_total       counter, label: reason
nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connection_duration_seconds   histogram

Notes on the choices:

  • reason is bounded to four values (ttl_expired, deleted, capacity_reached, unknown) and every one is pre-initialised to zero, so rate() has no gaps and absent() alerts do not misfire on a reason that has not occurred yet.
  • Duration buckets deliberately straddle the two timers that can close a tunnel: the worker-side QUIC idle timeout at 8s, and this service's worker connection cache TTL at 30s. A hard cliff at either value distinguishes a timer kill from a natural end, which a default bucket set would hide.
  • Open and close are counted where they balance: on successful insertion into the cache, and in the eviction handler, which fires for every entry that was inserted.

The log line is promoted from debug to info and gains held_for. The message text is deliberately unchanged so existing log searches and any downstream consumers keep working.

The span is emitted with the request id, reason and duration. Worth knowing: the eviction context is the cache's own, not the session's, so this span has no parent to attach to. The request id attribute is what makes a dropped session correlatable in tracing rather than only by grepping logs.

For the Reviewer

  • proxy/director.go eviction handler is the substance.
  • proxy/metrics/metrics.go for the metric definitions and the pre-initialised reason set.
  • Worth a look at whether the span is wanted at all, given it cannot attach to the session trace. It is cheap and searchable by request id, but I would drop it if reviewers prefer metrics and logs only.

For QA

No QA needed; this is observability only and changes no request handling.

Verified locally:

  • bazel test //... --flaky_test_attempts=3 — 9 of 9 targets pass
  • go build ./..., go vet ./proxy/..., gofmt clean on all changed files
  • bazel run //:gazelle for the BUILD file updates

Tests added cover the reason strings, since dashboards and alerts key on them, plus a guard that the set emitted by mapEvictionReason and the pre-initialised label set stay in agreement. A reason that is emitted but not pre-initialised would silently reintroduce the gap problem.

Issues

Closes #596

Checklist

  • I am familiar with the Contributing Guidelines.
  • I have signed off my commits for Developer Certificate of Origin (DCO) compliance.
  • New or existing tests cover these changes.
  • The documentation is up to date with these changes.

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • Added monitoring for worker tunnel and client connection lifecycles, including active, opened, and closed connections.
    • Added connection duration, closure reason, and attached-tunnel metrics.
    • Added detailed CONNECT outcome tracking, token issuance, and token age metrics.
    • Improved logs and tracing for connection outcomes and shutdown activity.
  • Tests

    • Added coverage for connection eviction reasons, closure origins, and metric label consistency.

@balajinvda
balajinvda requested a review from a team as a code owner July 31, 2026 15:40
@balajinvda
balajinvda requested a review from sanjay-saxena July 31, 2026 15:40
@coderabbitai

coderabbitai Bot commented Jul 31, 2026

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Review Change Stack

📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The proxy now records worker and client connection lifecycle metrics, close reasons, durations, token issuance and age, CONNECT outcomes, logs, and OpenTelemetry spans. Tests validate reason mappings, label coverage, and close-origin precedence.

Changes

Proxy connection observability

Layer / File(s) Summary
Metrics contract
src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go
Adds metrics and preinitialized labels for worker lifecycle, CONNECT outcomes, token issuance, and client connections.
Connection lifecycle instrumentation
src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/worker.go, src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/connections.go
Records creation and acceptance times, close origins, lifecycle counters, durations, and worker tunnels retained at client close.
Director eviction and token diagnostics
src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director.go
Tracks diagnostic tokens and draining state. Attributes worker close reasons and records metrics, logs, and eviction spans.
CONNECT outcome instrumentation
src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go
Classifies every CONNECT terminal path and records outcome and token-age telemetry.
Observability validation
src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director_test.go, src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/BUILD.bazel
Tests eviction mappings, close-origin resolution, metric labels, and CONNECT result coverage. Updates test dependencies and formatting.

Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~45 minutes

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant Client
  participant HijackHandler
  participant StreamDirector
  participant WorkerConnectionCache
  participant Metrics
  participant OpenTelemetry
  Client->>HijackHandler: Send CONNECT request
  HijackHandler->>StreamDirector: Validate token and request ID
  HijackHandler->>Metrics: Record CONNECT result and token age
  StreamDirector->>WorkerConnectionCache: Manage worker connection
  WorkerConnectionCache->>StreamDirector: Report eviction reason
  StreamDirector->>Metrics: Record close reason and duration
  StreamDirector->>OpenTelemetry: Emit eviction span
Loading

Suggested reviewers: sanjay-saxena

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 4 | ❌ 1

❌ Failed checks (1 warning)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Out of Scope Changes check ⚠️ Warning Additional CONNECT outcome, token-age, client-lifecycle, and shutdown-origin instrumentation is not required by issue #596. Move the extra instrumentation into separate linked issues or a separate pull request, unless its scope is explicitly expanded.
✅ Passed checks (4 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check ✅ Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check ✅ Passed The title follows Conventional Commits and accurately describes the primary observability bug fix.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed The changes satisfy issue #596 by adding bounded close-reason metrics, active-tunnel tracking, duration data, logging, and tracing without behavior changes.
Docstring Coverage ✅ Passed No functions found in the changed files to evaluate docstring coverage. Skipping docstring coverage check.
✨ Finishing Touches 💡 1
⚔️ Resolve merge conflicts 💡
  • Resolve merge conflict in branch feat/grpc-proxy-tunnel-close-observability
📝 Generate docstrings
  • Create stacked PR
  • Commit on current branch
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
  • Create PR with unit tests
  • Commit unit tests in branch feat/grpc-proxy-tunnel-close-observability

Warning

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🔧 golangci-lint (2.12.2)

level=error msg="[linters_context] typechecking error: pattern ./...: directory prefix . does not contain main module or its selected dependencies"


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Actionable comments posted: 1

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director.go`:
- Around line 159-166: Update the span name passed to Tracer.Start in the worker
connection cache eviction path to the stable name
grpc-proxy.worker_connection_cache_eviction, while preserving the existing
attributes and tracing flow.
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Fix all unresolved CodeRabbit comments on this PR:

  • Push a commit to this branch (recommended)
  • Create a new PR with the fixes

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📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between da80672 and 5b129b5.

📒 Files selected for processing (5)
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/BUILD.bazel
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director_test.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/worker.go

Comment thread src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director.go Outdated
balajinvda added a commit that referenced this pull request Jul 31, 2026
The span was named "worker connection cache eviction triggered", a
sentence matching the log message. AGENTS.md specifies service.operation
for span names, with grpc-proxy.forward given as an example, and asks
that names stay stable so dashboards and alerts do not break.

Rename to grpc-proxy.worker_connection_cache_eviction. The log message
is deliberately left unchanged; log and span naming conventions differ
and matching them to each other was the original mistake.

Raised in review on #597.

Signed-off-by: balajinvda <bganesan@nvidia.com>
@balajinvda

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Good catch, this one was a genuine convention violation rather than a nitpick.

AGENTS.md specifies service.operation for span names ("for example nvca.reconcile, ratelimiter.check, grpc-proxy.forward") and asks that they stay stable so dashboards do not break. I had named the span to match the log message for searchability, but log messages and span names follow different conventions and matching them to each other was the mistake.

Renamed to grpc-proxy.worker_connection_cache_eviction in bf61097.

The log message text is deliberately unchanged. That one I do want stable, since promoting it from debug to info was the point of the change and any existing log searches should keep working.

@balajinvda balajinvda self-assigned this Jul 31, 2026
The proxy closes worker tunnel connections for several ordinary reasons:
the connection cache TTL expiring, the connection going inactive,
capacity eviction, and shutdown drain. It already computed which reason
applied on every close, then wrote it only to a debug log and discarded
it.

That made "why did the tunnel drop" unanswerable from production data.
It could only be inferred by reading source, because debug logging is
off in production and no metric or span carried the reason. There was
also no telemetry of any kind on the proxy-to-worker leg, which is where
this class of failure lives.

Add four metrics, following the naming and pre-initialisation
conventions in AGENTS.md:

  nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connections_active
  nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connection_opened_total
  nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connection_closed_total{reason}
  nvcf_grpc_proxy_service_worker_connection_duration_seconds

The reason label is bounded to four values and every one is
pre-initialised to zero, so rate() has no gaps and absent() alerts do
not misfire. Duration buckets deliberately straddle the two timers that
can close a tunnel, the worker-side QUIC idle timeout at 8s and this
service's cache TTL at 30s, so a hard cliff at either value is visible
as a timer kill rather than a natural end.

Promote the eviction log from debug to info and add how long the tunnel
was held. The message text is unchanged so existing log searches keep
working. Also emit a span named per the service.operation convention in
AGENTS.md, carrying the request id, reason and duration; the eviction
context is the cache's own rather than the session's, so it has no
parent, but the request id makes a dropped session correlatable in
tracing instead of only by grepping logs.

Open and close counts are incremented where they balance: on successful
insertion into the cache, and in the eviction handler which fires for
every entry that was inserted.

Tests cover the reason strings, since dashboards and alerts key on them,
and assert that the emitted set and the pre-initialised set agree.

No behaviour change.

Signed-off-by: balajinvda <bganesan@nvidia.com>
@balajinvda
balajinvda force-pushed the feat/grpc-proxy-tunnel-close-observability branch from bf61097 to d499500 Compare July 31, 2026 16:04
@balajinvda balajinvda changed the title feat(grpc-proxy): emit worker tunnel close reason as metric, log and span fix(grpc-proxy): emit worker tunnel close reason as metric, log and span Jul 31, 2026
Follow-up to the close-reason work in this PR. Reviewing the deployed
output showed the instrumentation could say a tunnel closed but not who
closed it, and could not see the CONNECT path at all. Both gaps left the
questions being asked during incidents unanswerable.

Close origin
------------
EvictionReasonDeleted covered three different situations: the client
hanging up, the worker hanging up, and a proxy drain. Which side went
first is normally the question, and the metric could not distinguish
them. onInactive has two callers, worker/connections.go for a client
close and worker/worker.go for a worker close, and DeleteAll on drain
produces the same reason again.

Record an origin on the connection before teardown and resolve it in the
eviction handler, so the reason is now client_closed, worker_closed or
shutdown. First writer wins: a client close cascades into a worker
close, so without that the original cause would always be overwritten. A
delete with no recorded origin still reports as deleted rather than
being folded into another bucket, so a missing instrumentation path
stays visible.

CONNECT outcomes
----------------
Nothing observed /v1/proxy. Every terminal path now records exactly one
outcome, including the three cases that all return 403 today and are
indistinguishable in the response and in the log:

  rejected_token_expired      issued by this pod, aged out
  rejected_token_unknown      never issued by this pod
  rejected_requestid_mismatch valid token, bound to another request

Telling expired from unknown needs a record that outlives the auth
entry, so a diagnostic-only cache of issued tokens is kept alongside it,
capacity bounded and never consulted when granting access. Auth still
reads workerAuth exclusively.

Token age is recorded at accept and at rejection, bucketed densely below
30s because that is where consts.Timeout puts the cliff. This makes the
headroom real traffic has against the token lifetime directly visible,
rather than something inferred from a 403 count.

Client connections
------------------
Only an active gauge existed, so churn and lifetime were invisible. Adds
opened count, duration, and how many worker tunnels a client connection
was still holding when it closed. Anything above zero there means that
close tore down live tunnels.

All new labels are bounded and pre-initialised. Tests assert the emitted
sets and the pre-initialised sets agree, so a new reason or outcome
cannot silently skip pre-initialisation.

No behaviour change: no auth decision, timeout or teardown path is
altered.

Signed-off-by: balajinvda <bganesan@nvidia.com>

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Actionable comments posted: 2

🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go (1)

47-53: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🔵 Trivial | ⚡ Quick win

Add a /v1/proxy CONNECT duration histogram.

HTTP/1 and HTTP/3 bypass the tracing middleware. Record CONNECT setup duration with a bounded Prometheus histogram using a _seconds suffix.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go` around lines 47 -
53, Add a bounded Prometheus histogram for `/v1/proxy` CONNECT setup duration,
named with a `_seconds` suffix, and observe the elapsed setup time on every
CONNECT attempt in the hijack flow. Update the existing deferred completion
block around `result` and `metrics.WorkerConnectTotal` so duration recording
occurs for all terminal paths, including HTTP/1 and HTTP/3.

Sources: Coding guidelines, Path instructions

🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Inline comments:
In `@src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go`:
- Around line 221-245: Worker registration failures are currently counted as
accepted CONNECTs. In
src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go lines 221-245,
add a bounded registration-failure result constant and include it in
ConnectResults; in src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go
lines 130-134, update HijackHandler to select that result when RegisterWorker
fails before closing the tunnel, and add coverage for this failure path.

In `@src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/connections.go`:
- Around line 135-138: Update Close to lock workerConnectionLock while reading
workerConnections, capture its length in a local snapshot, then unlock and reuse
that snapshot for both ClientConnectionWorkerTunnelsAtClose and the debug log.
Keep InitWorkerConn’s existing lock-protected writes unchanged.

---

Nitpick comments:
In `@src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go`:
- Around line 47-53: Add a bounded Prometheus histogram for `/v1/proxy` CONNECT
setup duration, named with a `_seconds` suffix, and observe the elapsed setup
time on every CONNECT attempt in the hijack flow. Update the existing deferred
completion block around `result` and `metrics.WorkerConnectTotal` so duration
recording occurs for all terminal paths, including HTTP/1 and HTTP/3.
🪄 Autofix

Fix all unresolved CodeRabbit comments on this PR:

  • Push a commit to this branch (recommended)
  • Create a new PR with the fixes

ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: Path: .coderabbit.yaml

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Enterprise

Run ID: 137b9a68-6073-4ec2-b575-aa6a93801b6b

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between d499500 and 5de553b.

📒 Files selected for processing (6)
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director_test.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/connections.go
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/worker.go
🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (1)
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/director_test.go

Comment on lines +221 to +245
// Outcomes of a worker CONNECT to /v1/proxy. Every terminal path in
// HijackHandler maps to exactly one of these.
const (
ConnectAccepted = "accepted"
ConnectNotHijackable = "rejected_not_hijackable" // 500
ConnectMissingAuth = "rejected_missing_auth" // 401
ConnectMissingRequestID = "rejected_missing_requestid" // 400
ConnectInvalidRequestID = "rejected_invalid_requestid" // 400
ConnectTokenExpired = "rejected_token_expired" // 403, token was issued but has aged out
ConnectTokenUnknown = "rejected_token_unknown" // 403, token was never issued by this pod
ConnectRequestIDMismatch = "rejected_requestid_mismatch"// 403, token valid but bound to another request
ConnectHijackFailed = "rejected_hijack_failed" // 500
)

var ConnectResults = []string{
ConnectAccepted,
ConnectNotHijackable,
ConnectMissingAuth,
ConnectMissingRequestID,
ConnectInvalidRequestID,
ConnectTokenExpired,
ConnectTokenUnknown,
ConnectRequestIDMismatch,
ConnectHijackFailed,
}

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🗄️ Data Integrity & Integration | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick win

Record worker-registration failures as a non-accepted CONNECT result.

HijackHandler sets ConnectAccepted before RegisterWorker. If registration fails, it closes the tunnel but the deferred counter still reports accepted. This hides a failed worker tunnel as a successful CONNECT.

  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go#L221-L245: Add a bounded registration-failure result to ConnectResults.
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go#L130-L134: Set that result when RegisterWorker returns an error, and add coverage for the failure path.
📍 Affects 2 files
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go#L221-L245 (this comment)
  • src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go#L130-L134
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go` around
lines 221 - 245, Worker registration failures are currently counted as accepted
CONNECTs. In src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/metrics/metrics.go
lines 221-245, add a bounded registration-failure result constant and include it
in ConnectResults; in src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/hijack.go
lines 130-134, update HijackHandler to select that result when RegisterWorker
fails before closing the tunnel, and add coverage for this failure path.

Comment on lines +135 to +138
metrics.ClientConnectionDurationSeconds.Observe(time.Since(c.openedAt).Seconds())
// How many worker tunnels this client connection was still holding.
// Anything above zero means this close tore down live tunnels.
metrics.ClientConnectionWorkerTunnelsAtClose.Observe(float64(len(c.workerConnections)))

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🩺 Stability & Availability | 🟠 Major | ⚡ Quick win

🧩 Analysis chain

🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

ast-grep outline src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/connections.go \
  --items all --match ConnectionTrackingConn --view expanded

rg -n -C4 \
  'workerConnectionLock|workerConnections|func \(c \*ConnectionTrackingConn\) (InitWorkerConn|Close)' \
  src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/connections.go

Repository: NVIDIA/nvcf

Length of output: 4728


🏁 Script executed:

#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

cat -n src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/connections.go | sed -n '45,165p'

printf '\nCall sites and related tests:\n'
rg -n -C3 'ClientConnectionWorkerTunnelsAtClose|active_function_connections|InitWorkerConn\(|Close\(\)' \
  src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker

Repository: NVIDIA/nvcf

Length of output: 37368


Synchronize the worker-tunnel snapshot.

Close reads workerConnections at lines 138 and 143 without holding workerConnectionLock, while InitWorkerConn writes the map under that lock. Take the count under the lock and reuse the snapshot for the metric and debug log.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@src/invocation-plane-services/grpc-proxy/proxy/worker/connections.go` around
lines 135 - 138, Update Close to lock workerConnectionLock while reading
workerConnections, capture its length in a local snapshot, then unlock and reuse
that snapshot for both ClientConnectionWorkerTunnelsAtClose and the debug log.
Keep InitWorkerConn’s existing lock-protected writes unchanged.

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grpc-proxy: worker tunnel close reason is computed then discarded, making disconnects undiagnosable

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