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updated code to most recent functions #3

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123 changes: 81 additions & 42 deletions lessons/R-Data-Visualization.Rmd
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -80,8 +80,12 @@ If you haven't already installed `tidyverse`, install it now by un-commenting th

```{r import, message=F, warning = F}
# Uncomment this to install packages, if necessary.
# install.packages("tidyverse)
library(tidyverse)
# install.packages("tidyverse")
# library(tidyverse)

# install.packages(c("dplyr", "ggplot2"))
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
```

## Dataset details
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -128,9 +132,12 @@ gap |>
filter(continent == "Europe") |>
ggplot() +
geom_point(aes(x = year, y = lifeExp)) +
xlab("Year") +
ylab("Life Expectancy") +
ggtitle("Life Expectancy in Europe") +
labs(x = "Year",
y = "Life Expectancy",
title = "Life Expectancy in Europe") +
# xlab("Year") +
# ylab("Life Expectancy") +
# ggtitle("Life Expectancy in Europe") +
theme_bw()

```
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -216,9 +223,12 @@ ggplot(data = gap, aes(x = lifeExp)) +
fill = "gray80",
bins = 30) +
theme_bw() +
ggtitle("Histogram of Life Expectancy") +
xlab("Years") +
ylab("Frequency")
labs(title = "Histogram of Life Expectancy",
x = "Years",
y = "Frequency")
# ggtitle("Histogram of Life Expectancy") +
# xlab("Years") +
# ylab("Frequency")
```

## 🥊 Challenge 1: Histograms in ggplot()
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -270,9 +280,12 @@ Now that we have a dataframe with continents and the number of countries, we can
ggplot(countries_by_continent, aes(x = continent, y = count)) +
geom_col() +
theme_bw() +
xlab("Continent") +
ylab("Number of Countries") +
ggtitle("Number of Countries per Continent")
labs(x = "Continent",
y = "Number of Countries",
title = "Number of Countries per Continent")
# xlab("Continent") +
# ylab("Number of Countries") +
# ggtitle("Number of Countries per Continent")
```

`geom_col()` required us to have a variable for the y-axis (the height of the bars - in our case equal to the number of countries per continent). The geom `geom_bar()` allows us to skip the step of creating this y-axis variable, because it plots the number of rows per group as the height of each bar.
Expand All @@ -283,9 +296,12 @@ gap |>
ggplot(aes(x = continent)) +
geom_bar() +
theme_bw() +
xlab("Continent") +
ylab("Number of Countries") +
ggtitle("Number of Countries per Continent")
labs(x = "Continent",
y = "Number of Countries",
title = "Number of Countries per Continent")
# xlab("Continent") +
# ylab("Number of Countries") +
# ggtitle("Number of Countries per Continent")

```

Expand All @@ -310,9 +326,12 @@ gap |>
filter(year == 2007) |>
ggplot(aes(x = continent, y = lifeExp)) +
geom_boxplot() +
ggtitle("Life Expectancy in 2007 by Continent") +
xlab("Continent") +
ylab("Life Expectancy") +
labs(title = "Life Expectancy in 2007 by Continent",
x = "Continent",
y = "Life Expectancy") +
# ggtitle("Life Expectancy in 2007 by Continent") +
# xlab("Continent") +
# ylab("Life Expectancy") +
theme_bw()
```

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -397,12 +416,15 @@ gap |>
geom_point() +
theme_bw() +
# ADD A TITLE
ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# ADD AN X-AXIS AND A Y-AXIS
xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
# ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# ADD SOURCE NOTES
labs(caption = "Source: Gap Minder")
labs(title = "GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007",
x = "GDP per capita (dollars)",
y = "Life Expectancy (years)",
caption = "Source: Gap Minder")

```

Expand All @@ -422,12 +444,15 @@ gap |>
geom_point() +
theme_bw() +
# add a title
ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# add an x-axis and y-axis title
xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
# ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# add source notes
labs(caption = "Source: Gap Minder")
labs(title = "GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007",
x = "GDP per capita (dollars)",
y = "Life Expectancy (years)",
caption = "Source: Gap Minder")

```

Expand All @@ -453,12 +478,15 @@ gap |>
geom_point() +
theme_bw() +
# add a title
ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# add an x-axis and y-axis title
xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
# ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# add source notes
labs(caption = "Source: Gap Minder") +
labs(title = "GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007",
x = "GDP per capita (dollars)",
y = "Life Expectancy (years)",
caption = "Source: Gap Minder") +
# CHANGE THE X-AXIS BREAKS
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(from = 0, to = 50000, by = 5000))

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -488,12 +516,15 @@ gap |>
geom_point() +
theme_bw() +
# add a title
ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# add an x-axis and y-axis title
xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
# ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# add source notes
labs(caption = "Source: Gap Minder") +
labs(title = "GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007",
x = "GDP per capita (dollars)",
y = "Life Expectancy (years)",
caption = "Source: Gap Minder") +
# change the x-axis breaks AND THE LABELS
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(from = 0, to = 50000, by = 5000),
labels = x_axis_labs)
Expand All @@ -517,12 +548,15 @@ gap |>
geom_point() +
theme_bw() +
# add a title
ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# ggtitle("GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007") +
# add an x-axis and y-axis title
xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# xlab("GDP per capita (dollars)") +
# ylab("Life Expectancy (years)") +
# add source notes
labs(caption = "Source: Gap Minder") +
labs(title = "GDP per capita vs. Life Expectancy in 2007",
x = "GDP per capita (dollars)",
y = "Life Expectancy (years)",
caption = "Source: Gap Minder") +
## change the x-axis breaks and the labels
# scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(from = 0, to = 50000, by = 5000),
# labels = x_axis_labs) +
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -596,16 +630,21 @@ d <- readRDS("../data/ACS_age_income.rds")
# show it for different facets by education
d |>
group_by(age, educ) |>
summarize(avg_income = mean(income, na.rm = T)) |>
summarize(avg_income = mean(income, na.rm = TRUE), .groups = "drop") |> # added .groups = "drop" to remove message
# NOTE: we have removed education from the aes()
ggplot(aes(x = age, y = avg_income)) +
geom_point() +
# NOW: create subplots by education - override default nrow to make them all in a line
facet_wrap(~educ, nrow = 1) +
# facet_wrap(~educ, nrow = 1) +
facet_wrap(vars(educ), nrow = 1) + # newer syntax from ggplot2
theme_bw() +
ggtitle("Average Income by Age for Education Levels") +
xlab("Age") +
ylab("Avergae Income ($)")
labs(title = "Average Income by Age for Education Levels",
x = "Age",
y = "Average Income ($)")
# ggtitle("Average Income by Age for Education Levels") +
# xlab("Age") +
# ylab("Average Income ($)")


```

Expand Down