Data::Printer support: Phase 3-6 fixes

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/core/Configuration.java

@@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ public final class Configuration {
      * Automatically populated by Gradle/Maven during build.
      * DO NOT EDIT MANUALLY - this value is replaced at build time.
      */
-    public static final String gitCommitId = "03c7e14f2";
+    public static final String gitCommitId = "dc22ca34e";
 
     /**
      * Git commit date of the build (ISO format: YYYY-MM-DD).
      * Automatically populated by Gradle/Maven during build.
      * DO NOT EDIT MANUALLY - this value is replaced at build time.
      */
-    public static final String gitCommitDate = "2026-04-03";
+    public static final String gitCommitDate = "2026-04-04";
 
     // Prevent instantiation
     private Configuration() {

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/operators/ScalarGlobOperatorHelper.java

@@ -486,6 +486,9 @@ static List<String> processPattern(ScalarGlobOperator scalarGlobOperator, String
 
         // Process each pattern
         for (String singlePattern : patterns) {
+            // Expand tilde to home directory
+            singlePattern = expandTilde(singlePattern);
+
             // Expand braces first
             List<String> expandedPatterns = expandBraces(singlePattern);
 
@@ -497,6 +500,36 @@ static List<String> processPattern(ScalarGlobOperator scalarGlobOperator, String
         return results;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Expands a leading tilde (~) to the user's home directory.
+     * "~" becomes "/home/user", "~/foo" becomes "/home/user/foo".
+     */
+    private static String expandTilde(String pattern) {
+        if (pattern.equals("~") || pattern.startsWith("~/")) {
+            // Check Perl's %ENV{HOME} first (may be overridden by user),
+            // then fall back to Java system property
+            String home = null;
+            try {
+                org.perlonjava.runtime.runtimetypes.RuntimeHash envHash =
+                    org.perlonjava.runtime.runtimetypes.GlobalVariable.getGlobalHash("main::ENV");
+                org.perlonjava.runtime.runtimetypes.RuntimeScalar envHome = envHash.get("HOME");
+                if (envHome != null && envHome.getDefinedBoolean()) {
+                    home = envHome.toString();
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                // ignore - fall through to system property
+            }
+            if (home == null || home.isEmpty()) {
+                home = System.getProperty("user.home");
+            }
+            if (pattern.equals("~")) {
+                return home;
+            }
+            return home + pattern.substring(1);
+        }
+        return pattern;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Parses a pattern string into individual patterns, handling quoted sections.
      *

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/operators/TieOperators.java

@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ public static RuntimeScalar untie(int ctx, RuntimeBase... scalars) {
         switch (variable.type) {
             case REFERENCE -> {
                 RuntimeScalar scalar = variable.scalarDeref();
-                if (scalar.type == TIED_SCALAR) {
+                if (scalar.type == TIED_SCALAR && scalar.value instanceof TieScalar tieScalar) {
                     TieScalar.tiedUntie(scalar);
                     TieScalar.tiedDestroy(scalar);
-                    RuntimeScalar previousValue = ((TieScalar) scalar.value).getPreviousValue();
+                    RuntimeScalar previousValue = tieScalar.getPreviousValue();
                     scalar.type = previousValue.type;
                     scalar.value = previousValue.value;
                 }
@@ -187,7 +187,12 @@ public static RuntimeScalar tied(int ctx, RuntimeBase... scalars) {
             case REFERENCE -> {
                 RuntimeScalar scalar = variable.scalarDeref();
                 if (scalar.type == TIED_SCALAR) {
-                    return ((TieScalar) scalar.value).getSelf();
+                    if (scalar.value instanceof TiedVariableBase tvb) {
+                        RuntimeScalar selfObj = tvb.getSelf();
+                        if (selfObj != null) {
+                            return selfObj;
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
                 // Handle tied($$glob_ref) where $$glob_ref evaluates to a GLOB wrapped in a reference.
                 // In Perl 5, tied($$fh) when the glob is tied via tie(*$fh, ...) returns the tied object.

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/perlmodule/Charnames.java

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package org.perlonjava.runtime.perlmodule;
+
+import com.ibm.icu.lang.UCharacter;
+import org.perlonjava.runtime.runtimetypes.RuntimeArray;
+import org.perlonjava.runtime.runtimetypes.RuntimeList;
+import org.perlonjava.runtime.runtimetypes.RuntimeScalar;
+
+import static org.perlonjava.runtime.runtimetypes.RuntimeScalarCache.scalarUndef;
+
+/**
+ * Java-side implementation for _charnames module.
+ * Provides Unicode character name lookup via ICU4J.
+ */
+public class Charnames extends PerlModuleBase {
+
+    public Charnames() {
+        super("_charnames", false);  // Don't set %INC - let the Perl _charnames.pm load normally
+    }
+
+    public static void initialize() {
+        Charnames charnames = new Charnames();
+        try {
+            charnames.registerMethod("_java_viacode", "javaViacode", "$");
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+            System.err.println("Warning: Missing _charnames method: " + e.getMessage());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the Unicode character name for a given code point.
+     * Uses ICU4J's UCharacter.getName() which provides full Unicode name data.
+     *
+     * @param args Code point as integer
+     * @param ctx  Context
+     * @return Character name string, or undef if not found
+     */
+    public static RuntimeList javaViacode(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
+        int codePoint = args.getFirst().getInt();
+        String name = UCharacter.getName(codePoint);
+        if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
+            return new RuntimeList(scalarUndef);
+        }
+        return new RuntimeList(new RuntimeScalar(name));
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/perlmodule/DBI.java

@@ -116,14 +116,12 @@ public static RuntimeList connect(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
         String jdbcUrl = args.size() > 1 ? args.get(1).toString() : "";
 
         return executeWithErrorHandling(() -> {
-            if (args.size() < 4) {
-                throw new IllegalStateException("Bad number of arguments for DBI->connect");
-            }
-
-            // Extract connection parameters from args
-            dbh.put("Username", new RuntimeScalar(args.get(2).toString()));
-            dbh.put("Password", new RuntimeScalar(args.get(3).toString()));
-            RuntimeScalar attr = args.get(4);   //  \%attr
+            // Extract connection parameters from args, defaulting user/pass to empty
+            String username = args.size() > 2 ? args.get(2).toString() : "";
+            String password = args.size() > 3 ? args.get(3).toString() : "";
+            dbh.put("Username", new RuntimeScalar(username));
+            dbh.put("Password", new RuntimeScalar(password));
+            RuntimeScalar attr = args.size() > 4 ? args.get(4) : new RuntimeScalar();
 
             // Set dbh attributes
             dbh.put("ReadOnly", scalarFalse);
@@ -157,7 +155,7 @@ public static RuntimeList connect(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
             dbh.put("Name", new RuntimeScalar(jdbcUrl));
 
             // Create blessed reference for Perl compatibility
-            RuntimeScalar dbhRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(dbh.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+            RuntimeScalar dbhRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(dbh.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::db"));
             return dbhRef.getList();
         }, dbh, "connect('" + jdbcUrl + "','" + dbh.get("Username") + "',...) failed");
     }
@@ -212,6 +210,7 @@ public static RuntimeList prepare(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
             // Create statement handle (sth) hash
             sth.put("statement", new RuntimeScalar(stmt));
             sth.put("sql", new RuntimeScalar(sql));
+            sth.put("Statement", new RuntimeScalar(sql));
             sth.put("Type", new RuntimeScalar("st"));
 
             // Add NUM_OF_FIELDS by getting metadata
@@ -237,7 +236,7 @@ public static RuntimeList prepare(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
             sth.put("NUM_OF_PARAMS", new RuntimeScalar(numParams));
 
             // Create blessed reference for statement handle
-            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::st"));
 
             dbh.get("sth").set(sthRef);
 
@@ -260,18 +259,16 @@ public static RuntimeList last_insert_id(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
             // Use database-specific SQL to retrieve the last auto-generated ID.
             // This is more reliable than getGeneratedKeys() because it works
             // regardless of which statement was most recently prepared/executed.
-            String jdbcUrl = finalDbh.get("Name").toString();
+            String jdbcUrl = conn.getMetaData().getURL();
             String sql;
             if (jdbcUrl.contains("sqlite")) {
                 sql = "SELECT last_insert_rowid()";
             } else if (jdbcUrl.contains("mysql") || jdbcUrl.contains("mariadb")) {
                 sql = "SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID()";
             } else if (jdbcUrl.contains("postgresql")) {
                 sql = "SELECT lastval()";
-            } else if (jdbcUrl.contains("h2")) {
-                sql = "SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY()";
             } else {
-                // Generic fallback: try getGeneratedKeys() on the last statement
+                // Generic fallback (H2, etc.): use getGeneratedKeys() on the last statement
                 RuntimeScalar sthRef = finalDbh.get("sth");
                 if (sthRef != null && RuntimeScalarType.isReference(sthRef)) {
                     RuntimeHash sth = sthRef.hashDeref();
@@ -657,7 +654,6 @@ public static RuntimeList disconnect(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
 
         return executeWithErrorHandling(() -> {
             Connection conn = (Connection) dbh.get("connection").value;
-            String name = dbh.get("Name").toString();
 
             conn.close();
             dbh.put("Active", new RuntimeScalar(false));
@@ -835,7 +831,7 @@ public static RuntimeList table_info(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
 
             // Create statement handle for results
             RuntimeHash sth = createMetadataResultSet(dbh, rs);
-            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::st"));
             return sthRef.getList();
         }, dbh, "table_info");
     }
@@ -853,7 +849,7 @@ public static RuntimeList column_info(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
 
             // For SQLite, use PRAGMA table_info() to preserve original type case
             // (JDBC getColumns() uppercases type names like varchar -> VARCHAR)
-            String jdbcUrl = dbh.get("Name").toString();
+            String jdbcUrl = conn.getMetaData().getURL();
             if (jdbcUrl.contains("sqlite")) {
                 return columnInfoViaPragma(dbh, conn, table);
             }
@@ -868,7 +864,7 @@ public static RuntimeList column_info(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
             ResultSet rs = metaData.getColumns(catalog, schema, table, column);
 
             RuntimeHash sth = createMetadataResultSet(dbh, rs);
-            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::st"));
             return sthRef.getList();
         }, dbh, "column_info");
     }
@@ -956,7 +952,7 @@ private static RuntimeList columnInfoViaPragma(RuntimeHash dbh, Connection conn,
         result.put("has_resultset", scalarTrue);
         sth.put("execute_result", result.createReference());
 
-        RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+        RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::st"));
         return sthRef.getList();
     }
 
@@ -978,7 +974,7 @@ public static RuntimeList primary_key_info(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
             ResultSet rs = metaData.getPrimaryKeys(catalog, schema, table);
 
             RuntimeHash sth = createMetadataResultSet(dbh, rs);
-            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::st"));
             return sthRef.getList();
         }, dbh, "primary_key_info");
     }
@@ -1005,7 +1001,7 @@ public static RuntimeList foreign_key_info(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
                     fkCatalog, fkSchema, fkTable);
 
             RuntimeHash sth = createMetadataResultSet(dbh, rs);
-            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::st"));
             return sthRef.getList();
         }, dbh, "foreign_key_info");
     }
@@ -1019,7 +1015,7 @@ public static RuntimeList type_info(RuntimeArray args, int ctx) {
             ResultSet rs = metaData.getTypeInfo();
 
             RuntimeHash sth = createMetadataResultSet(dbh, rs);
-            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI"));
+            RuntimeScalar sthRef = ReferenceOperators.bless(sth.createReference(), new RuntimeScalar("DBI::st"));
             return sthRef.getList();
         }, dbh, "type_info");
     }

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/perlmodule/PerlModuleBase.java

@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ protected void registerMethod(String perlMethodName, String javaMethodName, Stri
 
             RuntimeCode code = new RuntimeCode(methodHandle, this, signature);
             code.isStatic = true;
+            code.packageName = moduleName;
+            code.subName = perlMethodName;
 
             String fullMethodName = NameNormalizer.normalizeVariableName(perlMethodName, moduleName);
 

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/runtimetypes/ErrnoVariable.java

@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ private static void addErrno(int code, String msg) {
 
     public ErrnoVariable() {
         super();
-        this.type = RuntimeScalarType.INTEGER;
-        this.value = 0;
+        this.type = RuntimeScalarType.DUALVAR;
+        this.value = new DualVar(new RuntimeScalar(0), new RuntimeScalar(""));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ public ErrnoVariable() {
     public RuntimeScalar set(int value) {
         this.errno = value;
         this.message = ERRNO_MESSAGES.getOrDefault(value, value == 0 ? "" : "Unknown error " + value);
-        this.type = RuntimeScalarType.INTEGER;
-        this.value = value;
+        this.type = RuntimeScalarType.DUALVAR;
+        this.value = new DualVar(new RuntimeScalar(value), new RuntimeScalar(this.message));
         return this;
     }
 
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ public RuntimeScalar set(String value) {
         if (value == null || value.isEmpty()) {
             this.errno = 0;
             this.message = "";
-            this.type = RuntimeScalarType.INTEGER;
-            this.value = 0;
+            this.type = RuntimeScalarType.DUALVAR;
+            this.value = new DualVar(new RuntimeScalar(0), new RuntimeScalar(""));
             return this;
         }
 
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ public RuntimeScalar set(String value) {
         if (code != null) {
             this.errno = code;
             this.message = value;
-            this.type = RuntimeScalarType.INTEGER;
-            this.value = code;
+            this.type = RuntimeScalarType.DUALVAR;
+            this.value = new DualVar(new RuntimeScalar(code), new RuntimeScalar(value));
             return this;
         }
 
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ public RuntimeScalar set(String value) {
             // Not a number and not a known message - store as message with errno 0
             this.errno = 0;
             this.message = value;
-            this.type = RuntimeScalarType.STRING;
-            this.value = value;
+            this.type = RuntimeScalarType.DUALVAR;
+            this.value = new DualVar(new RuntimeScalar(0), new RuntimeScalar(value));
             return this;
         }
     }
@@ -199,5 +199,27 @@ public boolean getBoolean() {
     public void clear() {
         set(0);
     }
+
+    // Stack to save errno/message during local()
+    private static final java.util.Stack<int[]> errnoStack = new java.util.Stack<>();
+    private static final java.util.Stack<String> messageStack = new java.util.Stack<>();
+
+    @Override
+    public void dynamicSaveState() {
+        errnoStack.push(new int[]{errno});
+        messageStack.push(message);
+        super.dynamicSaveState();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void dynamicRestoreState() {
+        super.dynamicRestoreState();
+        if (!errnoStack.isEmpty()) {
+            errno = errnoStack.pop()[0];
+        }
+        if (!messageStack.isEmpty()) {
+            message = messageStack.pop();
+        }
+    }
 }
 

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/runtimetypes/GlobalContext.java

@@ -250,6 +250,7 @@ public static void initializeGlobals(CompilerOptions compilerOptions) {
         // TimeHiRes.initialize();  // Has XSLoader in Perl file
         // Encode.initialize();  // Has XSLoader in Perl file - deferred for Encode::Alias support
         UnicodeUCD.initialize();  // No XSLoader in Perl file - needed at startup
+        Charnames.initialize();   // Java-side charnames::viacode via ICU4J
         TermReadLine.initialize();  // No Perl file - needed at startup
         TermReadKey.initialize();  // No Perl file - needed at startup
         FileTemp.initialize();  // Perl uses eval require - keep for cleanup hooks

src/main/java/org/perlonjava/runtime/runtimetypes/GlobalRuntimeScalar.java

@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@ public static RuntimeScalar makeLocal(String fullName) {
             DynamicVariableManager.pushLocalVariable(original);
             return original;
         }
+        if (original instanceof ErrnoVariable) {
+            DynamicVariableManager.pushLocalVariable(original);
+            return original;
+        }
         if (fullName.endsWith("::1")) {
             var regexVar = GlobalVariable.getGlobalVariable(fullName);
             DynamicVariableManager.pushLocalVariable(regexVar);