fix: parenthesize nested expression display names

datafusion/expr/src/expr.rs

@@ -2988,6 +2988,36 @@ fn rewrite_placeholder_from_subquery(
 }
 
 struct SchemaDisplay<'a>(&'a Expr);
+
+fn write_schema_display_binary_child(
+    f: &mut Formatter<'_>,
+    expr: &Expr,
+    precedence: u8,
+    is_right: bool,
+) -> fmt::Result {
+    match expr {
+        Expr::BinaryExpr(child) => {
+            let child_precedence = child.op.precedence();
+            if child_precedence == 0
+                || child_precedence < precedence
+                || (is_right && child_precedence == precedence)
+            {
+                write!(f, "({})", SchemaDisplay(expr))
+            } else {
+                write!(f, "{}", SchemaDisplay(expr))
+            }
+        }
+        _ => write!(f, "{}", SchemaDisplay(expr)),
+    }
+}
+
+fn write_schema_display_unary_child(f: &mut Formatter<'_>, expr: &Expr) -> fmt::Result {
+    match expr {
+        Expr::BinaryExpr(_) => write!(f, "({})", SchemaDisplay(expr)),
+        _ => write!(f, "{}", SchemaDisplay(expr)),
+    }
+}
+
 impl Display for SchemaDisplay<'_> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match self.0 {
@@ -3042,7 +3072,10 @@ impl Display for SchemaDisplay<'_> {
                 }
             }
             Expr::BinaryExpr(BinaryExpr { left, op, right }) => {
-                write!(f, "{} {op} {}", SchemaDisplay(left), SchemaDisplay(right),)
+                let precedence = op.precedence();
+                write_schema_display_binary_child(f, left, precedence, false)?;
+                write!(f, " {op} ")?;
+                write_schema_display_binary_child(f, right, precedence, true)
             }
             Expr::Case(Case {
                 expr,
@@ -3152,8 +3185,15 @@ impl Display for SchemaDisplay<'_> {
 
                 Ok(())
             }
-            Expr::Negative(expr) => write!(f, "(- {})", SchemaDisplay(expr)),
-            Expr::Not(expr) => write!(f, "NOT {}", SchemaDisplay(expr)),
+            Expr::Negative(expr) => {
+                write!(f, "(- ")?;
+                write_schema_display_unary_child(f, expr)?;
+                write!(f, ")")
+            }
+            Expr::Not(expr) => {
+                write!(f, "NOT ")?;
+                write_schema_display_unary_child(f, expr)
+            }
             Expr::Unnest(Unnest { expr, outer }) => {
                 let name = if *outer { "UNNEST_OUTER" } else { "UNNEST" };
                 write!(f, "{name}({})", SchemaDisplay(expr))
@@ -3294,6 +3334,35 @@ impl Display for SchemaDisplay<'_> {
 /// A helper struct for displaying an `Expr` as an SQL-like string.
 struct SqlDisplay<'a>(&'a Expr);
 
+fn write_sql_display_binary_child(
+    f: &mut Formatter<'_>,
+    expr: &Expr,
+    precedence: u8,
+    is_right: bool,
+) -> fmt::Result {
+    match expr {
+        Expr::BinaryExpr(child) => {
+            let child_precedence = child.op.precedence();
+            if child_precedence == 0
+                || child_precedence < precedence
+                || (is_right && child_precedence == precedence)
+            {
+                write!(f, "({})", SqlDisplay(expr))
+            } else {
+                write!(f, "{}", SqlDisplay(expr))
+            }
+        }
+        _ => write!(f, "{}", SqlDisplay(expr)),
+    }
+}
+
+fn write_sql_display_unary_child(f: &mut Formatter<'_>, expr: &Expr) -> fmt::Result {
+    match expr {
+        Expr::BinaryExpr(_) => write!(f, "({})", SqlDisplay(expr)),
+        _ => write!(f, "{}", SqlDisplay(expr)),
+    }
+}
+
 impl Display for SqlDisplay<'_> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         match self.0 {
@@ -3324,7 +3393,10 @@ impl Display for SqlDisplay<'_> {
                 }
             }
             Expr::BinaryExpr(BinaryExpr { left, op, right }) => {
-                write!(f, "{} {op} {}", SqlDisplay(left), SqlDisplay(right),)
+                let precedence = op.precedence();
+                write_sql_display_binary_child(f, left, precedence, false)?;
+                write!(f, " {op} ")?;
+                write_sql_display_binary_child(f, right, precedence, true)
             }
             Expr::Case(Case {
                 expr,
@@ -3428,8 +3500,15 @@ impl Display for SqlDisplay<'_> {
 
                 Ok(())
             }
-            Expr::Negative(expr) => write!(f, "(- {})", SqlDisplay(expr)),
-            Expr::Not(expr) => write!(f, "NOT {}", SqlDisplay(expr)),
+            Expr::Negative(expr) => {
+                write!(f, "(- ")?;
+                write_sql_display_unary_child(f, expr)?;
+                write!(f, ")")
+            }
+            Expr::Not(expr) => {
+                write!(f, "NOT ")?;
+                write_sql_display_unary_child(f, expr)
+            }
             Expr::Unnest(Unnest { expr, outer }) => {
                 let name = if *outer { "UNNEST_OUTER" } else { "UNNEST" };
                 write!(f, "{name}({})", SqlDisplay(expr))
@@ -3557,6 +3636,13 @@ pub fn schema_name_from_sorts(sorts: &[Sort]) -> Result<String, fmt::Error> {
 pub const OUTER_REFERENCE_COLUMN_PREFIX: &str = "outer_ref";
 pub const UNNEST_COLUMN_PREFIX: &str = "UNNEST";
 
+fn write_expr_display_unary_child(f: &mut Formatter<'_>, expr: &Expr) -> fmt::Result {
+    match expr {
+        Expr::BinaryExpr(_) => write!(f, "({expr})"),
+        _ => write!(f, "{expr}"),
+    }
+}
+
 /// Format expressions for display as part of a logical plan. In many cases, this will produce
 /// similar output to `Expr.name()` except that column names will be prefixed with '#'.
 impl Display for Expr {
@@ -3597,8 +3683,15 @@ impl Display for Expr {
                     format_type_and_metadata(field.data_type(), Some(field.metadata()));
                 write!(f, "TRY_CAST({expr} AS {formatted})")
             }
-            Expr::Not(expr) => write!(f, "NOT {expr}"),
-            Expr::Negative(expr) => write!(f, "(- {expr})"),
+            Expr::Not(expr) => {
+                write!(f, "NOT ")?;
+                write_expr_display_unary_child(f, expr)
+            }
+            Expr::Negative(expr) => {
+                write!(f, "(- ")?;
+                write_expr_display_unary_child(f, expr)?;
+                write!(f, ")")
+            }
             Expr::IsNull(expr) => write!(f, "{expr} IS NULL"),
             Expr::IsNotNull(expr) => write!(f, "{expr} IS NOT NULL"),
             Expr::IsTrue(expr) => write!(f, "{expr} IS TRUE"),
@@ -4229,6 +4322,63 @@ mod test {
         assert_eq!("NULL", null_expr.human_display().to_string());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn format_nested_binary_exprs_with_parentheses() {
+        let one_plus_two = binary_expr(lit(1i64), Operator::Plus, lit(2i64));
+        let expr = binary_expr(one_plus_two.clone(), Operator::Multiply, lit(3i64));
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            "(Int64(1) + Int64(2)) * Int64(3)",
+            expr.schema_name().to_string()
+        );
+        assert_eq!("(1 + 2) * 3", expr.human_display().to_string());
+
+        let nested_subtraction = binary_expr(
+            lit(1i64),
+            Operator::Minus,
+            binary_expr(lit(2i64), Operator::Minus, lit(3i64)),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            "Int64(1) - (Int64(2) - Int64(3))",
+            nested_subtraction.schema_name().to_string()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            "1 - (2 - 3)",
+            nested_subtraction.human_display().to_string()
+        );
+
+        let nested_multiplication = binary_expr(
+            lit(6i64),
+            Operator::Divide,
+            binary_expr(lit(2i64), Operator::Multiply, lit(3i64)),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            "Int64(6) / (Int64(2) * Int64(3))",
+            nested_multiplication.schema_name().to_string()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            "6 / (2 * 3)",
+            nested_multiplication.human_display().to_string()
+        );
+
+        let negative_expr = Expr::Negative(Box::new(one_plus_two.clone()));
+        assert_eq!(
+            "(- (Int64(1) + Int64(2)))",
+            negative_expr.schema_name().to_string()
+        );
+        assert_eq!("(- (1 + 2))", negative_expr.human_display().to_string());
+        assert_eq!("(- (Int64(1) + Int64(2)))", negative_expr.to_string());
+
+        let not_expr =
+            Expr::Not(Box::new(binary_expr(lit(1i64), Operator::Eq, lit(2i64))));
+        assert_eq!(
+            "NOT (Int64(1) = Int64(2))",
+            not_expr.schema_name().to_string()
+        );
+        assert_eq!("NOT (1 = 2)", not_expr.human_display().to_string());
+        assert_eq!("NOT (Int64(1) = Int64(2))", not_expr.to_string());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_partial_ord() {
         // Test validates that partial ord is defined for Expr, not

datafusion/optimizer/src/common_subexpr_eliminate.rs

@@ -85,9 +85,19 @@ impl CommonSubexprEliminate {
             schema,
             ..
         } = projection;
+        let name_preserver = NamePreserver::new_for_projection();
+        let saved_names = expr
+            .iter()
+            .map(|expr| name_preserver.save(expr))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
         let input = Arc::unwrap_or_clone(input);
         self.try_unary_plan(expr, input, config)?
             .map_data(|(new_expr, new_input)| {
+                let new_expr = new_expr
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .zip(saved_names)
+                    .map(|(expr, saved_name)| saved_name.restore(expr))
+                    .collect();
                 Projection::try_new_with_schema(new_expr, Arc::new(new_input), schema)
                     .map(LogicalPlan::Projection)
             })
@@ -852,6 +862,7 @@ mod test {
 
     use super::*;
     use crate::assert_optimized_plan_eq_snapshot;
+    use crate::optimize_projections::OptimizeProjections;
     use crate::optimizer::OptimizerContext;
     use crate::test::udfs::leaf_udf_expr;
     use crate::test::*;
@@ -912,7 +923,7 @@ mod test {
         assert_optimized_plan_equal!(
             plan,
             @ r"
-        Aggregate: groupBy=[[]], aggr=[[sum(__common_expr_1 AS test.a * Int32(1) - test.b), sum(__common_expr_1 AS test.a * Int32(1) - test.b * (Int32(1) + test.c))]]
+        Aggregate: groupBy=[[]], aggr=[[sum(__common_expr_1 AS test.a * (Int32(1) - test.b)), sum(__common_expr_1 AS test.a * (Int32(1) - test.b) * (Int32(1) + test.c))]]
           Projection: test.a * (Int32(1) - test.b) AS __common_expr_1, test.a, test.b, test.c
             TableScan: test
         "
@@ -933,13 +944,39 @@ mod test {
         assert_optimized_plan_equal!(
             plan,
             @ r"
-        Projection: __common_expr_1 - test.c AS alias1 * __common_expr_1 AS test.a + test.b, __common_expr_1 AS test.a + test.b
+        Projection: __common_expr_1 - test.c AS alias1 * __common_expr_1 AS test.a + test.b AS alias1 * (test.a + test.b), __common_expr_1 AS test.a + test.b
           Projection: test.a + test.b AS __common_expr_1, test.a, test.b, test.c
             TableScan: test
         "
         )
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn projection_name_preserved_for_nested_common_expression() -> Result<()> {
+        let table_scan = test_table_scan()?;
+        let common_expr = col("a") * col("b");
+        let plan = LogicalPlanBuilder::from(table_scan)
+            .project(vec![
+                common_expr.clone() + Expr::Negative(Box::new(common_expr)),
+            ])?
+            .build()?;
+
+        let rules: Vec<Arc<dyn OptimizerRule + Send + Sync>> = vec![
+            Arc::new(CommonSubexprEliminate::new()),
+            Arc::new(OptimizeProjections::new()),
+        ];
+        assert_optimized_plan_eq_snapshot!(
+            OptimizerContext::new(),
+            rules,
+            plan,
+            @ r"
+        Projection: __common_expr_1 AS test.a * test.b + (- __common_expr_1 AS test.a * test.b) AS test.a * test.b + (- (test.a * test.b))
+          Projection: test.a * test.b AS __common_expr_1
+            TableScan: test projection=[a, b]
+        "
+        )
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn aggregate() -> Result<()> {
         let table_scan = test_table_scan()?;
@@ -1770,8 +1807,8 @@ mod test {
         assert_optimized_plan_equal!(
             plan,
             @ r"
-        Projection: __common_expr_1 AS NOT test.a = test.b, __common_expr_1 AS NOT test.b = test.a
-          Projection: NOT test.a = test.b AS __common_expr_1, test.a, test.b, test.c
+        Projection: __common_expr_1 AS NOT (test.a = test.b), __common_expr_1 AS NOT (test.b = test.a)
+          Projection: NOT (test.a = test.b) AS __common_expr_1, test.a, test.b, test.c
             TableScan: test
         "
         )?;

datafusion/optimizer/src/simplify_expressions/simplify_exprs.rs

@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ mod tests {
             .build()?;
 
         let actual = get_optimized_plan_formatted(plan, &time);
-        let expected = "Projection: NOT test.a AS Boolean(true) OR Boolean(false) != test.a\
+        let expected = "Projection: NOT test.a AS (Boolean(true) OR Boolean(false)) != test.a\
                         \n  TableScan: test";
 
         assert_eq!(expected, actual);

datafusion/sql/tests/sql_integration.rs

@@ -3963,7 +3963,7 @@ fn negative_sum_intervals_in_projection() {
     assert_snapshot!(
         plan,
         @r#"
-    Projection: (- IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 2, nanoseconds: 0 }") + IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 5, nanoseconds: 0 }") + (- IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 4, nanoseconds: 0 }") + IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 7, nanoseconds: 0 }")))
+    Projection: (- (IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 2, nanoseconds: 0 }") + IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 5, nanoseconds: 0 }") + (- (IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 4, nanoseconds: 0 }") + IntervalMonthDayNano("IntervalMonthDayNano { months: 0, days: 7, nanoseconds: 0 }")))))
       EmptyRelation: rows=1
     "#
     );