fix: parenthesize nested expression display names

[goutamadwant]

Which issue does this PR close?

• Closes Expr formatting missing parentheses #16054.

Rationale for this change

Expression-derived display names could omit required parentheses for nested binary expressions. For example, (1 + 2) * 3 could be displayed as 1 + 2 * 3, which changes how the expression reads.

Unary expressions with binary children had the same ambiguity, such as NOT a = b and unary negative over a binary expression.

What changes are included in this PR?

• Adds precedence-aware parenthesization for nested binary expressions in SchemaDisplay.
• Applies the same parenthesization behavior to SqlDisplay.
• Wraps binary children of unary NOT and unary negative expressions.
• Adds focused unit coverage for (1 + 2) * 3, unary negative, and NOT with binary children.
• Updates optimizer expected output where expression display names now include the corrected parentheses.

Are these changes tested?

• cargo test -p datafusion-expr format_nested_binary_exprs_with_parentheses
• cargo fmt --all
• cargo test -p datafusion-expr
• cargo test -p datafusion-optimizer
• cargo clippy -p datafusion-expr -p datafusion-optimizer --all-targets --all-features -- -D warnings
• git diff --check

Are there any user-facing changes?

Yes. Expression-derived column names and SQL-like expression display output now include parentheses when needed to preserve the intended expression structure.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 88.35616% with 17 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 81.03%. Comparing base (66677fe) to head (13359f2).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
datafusion/expr/src/expr.rs	87.27%	1 Missing and 13 partials ⚠️
...tafusion/optimizer/src/common_subexpr_eliminate.rs	91.42%	1 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##             main   #23356    +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage   81.03%   81.03%            
========================================
  Files        1107     1107            
  Lines      384482   384615   +133     
  Branches   384482   384615   +133     
========================================
+ Hits       311563   311671   +108     
- Misses      54565    54572     +7     
- Partials    18354    18372    +18     

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[goutamadwant]

Fixed the SQLite sqllogictest failures by preserving each projection's original output name when common-subexpression elimination rewrites its expressions. This prevents the following optimize_projections pass from rebuilding a different schema name for parenthesized nested expressions.

[goutamadwant]

The companion SQLite expectation update is now available in apache/datafusion-testing#22. Once it is merged, I’ll update this PR’s submodule pin to the resulting main commit.

With the companion update applied, the complete SQLite suite passes all 1,098 files using the CI-equivalent command.