Fix method call on unioned class type analysis is broken

src/Type/UnionType.php

@@ -590,7 +590,11 @@ public function getUnresolvedMethodPrototype(string $methodName, ClassMemberAcce
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			$methodPrototypes[] = $type->getUnresolvedMethodPrototype($methodName, $scope)->withCalledOnType($this);
+			$prototype = $type->getUnresolvedMethodPrototype($methodName, $scope);
+			if ($this instanceof TemplateType) {
+				$prototype = $prototype->withCalledOnType($this);
+			}
+			$methodPrototypes[] = $prototype;
 		}
 
 		$methodsCount = count($methodPrototypes);

tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-11687.php

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace Bug11687;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+class A
+{
+	public static function retStaticConst(): int
+	{
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @return static
+	 */
+	public static function retStatic()
+	{
+		return new static(); // @phpstan-ignore new.static
+	}
+}
+
+class B extends A
+{
+	/**
+	 * @return 2
+	 */
+	public static function retStaticConst(): int
+	{
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	public function foo(): void
+	{
+		$clUnioned = mt_rand() === 0
+			? A::class
+			: X::class;
+
+		assertType('int', A::retStaticConst());
+		assertType('bool', X::retStaticConst());
+		assertType('bool|int', $clUnioned::retStaticConst());
+
+		assertType('Bug11687\A', A::retStatic());
+		assertType('bool', X::retStatic());
+		assertType('bool|Bug11687\A', $clUnioned::retStatic());
+	}
+}
+
+class X
+{
+	public static function retStaticConst(): bool
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	public static function retStatic(): bool
+	{
+		return false;
+	}
+}

tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-12562.php

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?php // lint >= 8.0
+
+namespace Bug12562;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+class UserV1
+{
+	public function toV2(): UserV2
+	{
+		return new UserV2();
+	}
+}
+
+class UserV2
+{
+	public function toV2(): self
+	{
+		return $this;
+	}
+}
+
+class UserV2a extends UserV2
+{
+	/**
+	 * @return $this
+	 */
+	public function toV2(): self
+	{
+		return $this;
+	}
+}
+
+function doSomething(UserV1|UserV2 $user, UserV1|UserV2a $user2): void
+{
+	assertType('Bug12562\UserV2', $user->toV2());
+	assertType('Bug12562\UserV2', $user2->toV2());
+}

tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-14203.php

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<?php // lint >= 8.1
+
+declare(strict_types = 1);
+
+namespace Bug14203;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+/**
+ * @template TKey of array-key
+ * @template TValue
+ */
+class Collection
+{
+    /**
+     * Create a new collection.
+     *
+     * @param  array<TKey, TValue>  $items
+     */
+    final public function __construct(protected $items = [])
+    {
+    }
+
+    /**
+	 * @template TMapValue
+     *
+     * @param  callable(TValue, TKey): TMapValue  $callback
+     * @return static<TKey, TMapValue>
+     */
+    public function map(callable $callback)
+    {
+        $newItems = [];
+
+		foreach ($this->items as $key => $value) {
+			$newItems[$key] = $callback($value, $key);
+		}
+
+		return new static($newItems);
+    }
+}
+
+class SpecificA {
+    public function __construct(
+		public readonly int $valueA,
+		public readonly string $someSharedValue,
+	) {}
+}
+
+class SpecificB {
+    public function __construct(
+		public readonly int $valueB,
+		public readonly string $someSharedValue,
+	) {}
+}
+
+class MyDTO {
+    public function __construct(
+		public readonly string $thatSharedValue,
+	) {}
+}
+
+function works(): void {
+    $myCollection = new Collection([new SpecificA(1, 'A'), new SpecificB(2, 'B')]);
+
+	$result = $myCollection->map(static fn (SpecificA|SpecificB $specific): MyDTO => new MyDTO($specific->someSharedValue));
+	assertType('Bug14203\Collection<int, Bug14203\MyDTO>', $result);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @return Collection<int, SpecificA>
+ */
+function getA(): Collection {
+	return new Collection([new SpecificA(1, 'A')]);
+}
+
+/**
+ * @return Collection<int, SpecificB>
+ */
+function getB(): Collection {
+	return new Collection([new SpecificB(2, 'B')]);
+}
+
+function breaks(): void {
+    $myCollection = random_int(0, 1) === 0
+		? getA()
+		: getB();
+
+	$result = $myCollection->map(static fn (SpecificA|SpecificB $specific): MyDTO => new MyDTO($specific->someSharedValue));
+	assertType('Bug14203\Collection<int, Bug14203\MyDTO>', $result);
+}

tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/static-late-binding.php

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public function foo(): void
         assertType('static(StaticLateBinding\B)', parent::retStatic());
         assertType('static(StaticLateBinding\B)', $this->retStatic());
         assertType('bool', X::retStatic());
-        assertType('bool|StaticLateBinding\A|StaticLateBinding\X', $clUnioned::retStatic()); // should be bool|StaticLateBinding\A https://github.com/phpstan/phpstan/issues/11687
+        assertType('bool|StaticLateBinding\A', $clUnioned::retStatic());
 
         assertType('StaticLateBinding\A', A::retStatic(...)());
         assertType('StaticLateBinding\B', B::retStatic(...)());